home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Unknown | 1992-09-25 | 16.2 KB |
open in:
MacOS 8.1
|
Win98
|
DOS
view JSON data
|
view as text
This file was not able to be converted.
This format is not currently supported by dexvert.
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000010| de 1e ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000020| ff ff 42 00 ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |..B.....|........|
|00000030| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000040| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000050| 54 68 65 20 54 6f 74 61 | 6c 69 74 61 72 69 61 6e |The Tota|litarian|
|00000060| 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 5b 54 68 65 20 57 6f |s...... | [The Wo|
|00000070| 72 6c 64 20 57 61 72 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 |rld War,| and the|
|00000080| 20 64 65 73 74 72 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 64 69 | destruc|tion, di|
|00000090| 73 72 75 70 74 69 6f 6e | 20 61 6e 64 20 73 68 61 |sruption| and sha|
|000000a0| 74 74 65 72 69 6e 67 0d | 0a 6f 66 20 69 64 65 61 |ttering.|.of idea|
|000000b0| 6c 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 61 63 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e |ls that |accompan|
|000000c0| 69 65 64 20 77 68 6f 6c | 65 20 6e 65 77 20 70 6f |ied whol|e new po|
|000000d0| 6c 69 74 69 63 61 6c 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 73 20 |litical |systems |
|000000e0| 61 6e 64 0d 0a 6f 72 67 | 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f |and..org|anizatio|
|000000f0| 6e 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | 61 62 79 73 6d 61 6c 20 |ns. The |abysmal |
|00000100| 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 74 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 77 |conduct |of the w|
|00000110| 61 72 20 62 79 20 49 6d | 70 65 72 69 61 6c 20 52 |ar by Im|perial R|
|00000120| 75 73 73 69 61 0d 0a 6c | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |ussia..l|ed to th|
|00000130| 65 20 6f 76 65 72 74 68 | 72 6f 77 20 6f 66 20 74 |e overth|row of t|
|00000140| 68 65 20 43 7a 61 72 69 | 73 74 20 61 75 74 6f 63 |he Czari|st autoc|
|00000150| 72 61 63 79 20 61 6e 64 | 20 69 74 73 0d 0a 72 65 |racy and| its..re|
|00000160| 70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65 6e | 74 2c 20 66 69 72 73 74 |placemen|t, first|
|00000170| 20 62 79 20 61 6e 20 69 | 6e 65 66 66 65 63 74 75 | by an i|neffectu|
|00000180| 61 6c 20 64 65 6d 6f 63 | 72 61 74 69 63 20 72 65 |al democ|ratic re|
|00000190| 67 69 6d 65 20 61 6e 64 | 20 74 68 65 6e 0d 0a 69 |gime and| then..i|
|000001a0| 6e 20 4e 6f 76 65 6d 62 | 65 72 20 31 39 31 37 20 |n Novemb|er 1917 |
|000001b0| 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 74 | 72 69 75 6d 70 68 20 6f |by the t|riumph o|
|000001c0| 66 20 43 6f 6d 6d 75 6e | 69 73 74 20 52 65 76 6f |f Commun|ist Revo|
|000001d0| 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 61 72 | 79 0d 0a 56 6c 61 64 69 |lutionar|y..Vladi|
|000001e0| 6d 69 72 20 4c 65 6e 69 | 6e 2e 20 54 68 65 20 66 |mir Leni|n. The f|
|000001f0| 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 | 20 79 65 61 72 73 20 6f |ollowing| years o|
|00000200| 66 20 22 57 61 72 20 43 | 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 73 6d |f "War C|ommunism|
|00000210| 2c 22 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 74 68 65 0d 0a 77 69 64 |," with |the..wid|
|00000220| 65 73 70 72 65 61 64 20 | 62 6c 6f 6f 64 73 68 65 |espread |bloodshe|
|00000230| 64 20 6f 66 20 61 20 63 | 69 76 69 6c 20 77 61 72 |d of a c|ivil war|
|00000240| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 64 65 70 72 69 76 61 | and the| depriva|
|00000250| 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 0d 0a 73 74 61 72 76 61 |tion and|..starva|
|00000260| 74 69 6f 6e 20 63 61 75 | 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 6d |tion cau|sed by m|
|00000270| 69 6c 69 74 61 6e 74 20 | 70 6f 6c 69 63 69 65 73 |ilitant |policies|
|00000280| 20 74 6f 77 61 72 64 20 | 69 6e 64 75 73 74 72 79 | toward |industry|
|00000290| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 70 65 61 73 61 6e | and the|..peasan|
|000002a0| 74 73 2c 20 69 6d 70 6f | 76 65 72 69 73 68 65 64 |ts, impo|verished|
|000002b0| 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 20 | 61 6e 64 20 73 74 72 75 | Russia |and stru|
|000002c0| 63 6b 20 66 65 61 72 20 | 69 6e 20 68 65 61 72 74 |ck fear |in heart|
|000002d0| 73 20 61 63 72 6f 73 73 | 0d 0a 45 75 72 6f 70 65 |s across|..Europe|
|000002e0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 | 66 74 65 72 20 74 68 65 |..... A|fter the|
|000002f0| 20 77 61 72 27 73 20 65 | 6e 64 2c 20 72 65 76 6f | war's e|nd, revo|
|00000300| 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 | 6e 64 20 72 65 76 6f 6c |lution a|nd revol|
|00000310| 74 20 73 68 6f 6f 6b 20 | 6d 61 6e 79 20 6f 66 20 |t shook |many of |
|00000320| 74 68 65 0d 0a 73 74 61 | 74 65 73 20 6f 66 20 45 |the..sta|tes of E|
|00000330| 75 72 6f 70 65 2e 20 43 | 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 |urope. C|ommunist|
|00000340| 20 75 70 72 69 73 69 6e | 67 73 20 69 6e 20 47 65 | uprisin|gs in Ge|
|00000350| 72 6d 61 6e 79 20 61 6e | 64 20 48 75 6e 67 61 72 |rmany an|d Hungar|
|00000360| 79 0d 0a 77 65 72 65 20 | 71 75 69 63 6b 6c 79 20 |y..were |quickly |
|00000370| 70 75 74 20 64 6f 77 6e | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 6f 74 |put down|, but ot|
|00000380| 68 65 72 20 6d 6f 76 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 70 72 |her move|ments pr|
|00000390| 6f 66 65 73 73 69 6e 67 | 20 71 75 69 74 65 0d 0a |ofessing| quite..|
|000003a0| 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e | 74 20 69 64 65 6f 6c 6f |differen|t ideolo|
|000003b0| 67 69 65 73 20 62 75 74 | 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 69 |gies but| employi|
|000003c0| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 61 6d 65 20 74 65 63 68 |ng the s|ame tech|
|000003d0| 6e 69 71 75 65 73 20 63 | 61 6d 65 20 74 6f 0d 0a |niques c|ame to..|
|000003e0| 70 6f 77 65 72 20 69 6e | 20 54 75 72 6b 65 79 20 |power in| Turkey |
|000003f0| 61 6e 64 20 48 75 6e 67 | 61 72 79 2c 20 64 65 76 |and Hung|ary, dev|
|00000400| 65 6c 6f 70 65 64 20 70 | 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 61 6c |eloped p|olitical|
|00000410| 20 63 6c 6f 75 74 20 69 | 6e 0d 0a 41 75 73 74 72 | clout i|n..Austr|
|00000420| 69 61 20 61 6e 64 20 65 | 76 65 6e 20 67 6f 74 20 |ia and e|ven got |
|00000430| 75 70 20 61 20 73 74 72 | 75 67 67 6c 65 20 69 6e |up a str|uggle in|
|00000440| 20 49 74 61 6c 79 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 42 65 6e | Italy..|... Ben|
|00000450| 69 74 6f 20 4d 75 73 73 | 6f 6c 69 6e 69 2c 20 6f |ito Muss|olini, o|
|00000460| 6e 65 2d 74 69 6d 65 20 | 53 6f 63 69 61 6c 69 73 |ne-time |Socialis|
|00000470| 74 20 50 61 72 74 79 20 | 6c 65 61 64 65 72 20 61 |t Party |leader a|
|00000480| 6e 64 20 67 72 65 61 74 | 0d 0a 61 64 6d 69 72 65 |nd great|..admire|
|00000490| 72 20 6f 66 20 4c 65 6e | 69 6e 2c 20 6e 65 76 65 |r of Len|in, neve|
|000004a0| 72 74 68 65 6c 65 73 73 | 20 63 61 6d 65 20 74 6f |rtheless| came to|
|000004b0| 20 66 69 6e 64 20 4e 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 53 | find Na|tional S|
|000004c0| 6f 63 69 61 6c 69 73 6d | 2c 0d 0a 77 69 74 68 20 |ocialism|,..with |
|000004d0| 69 74 73 20 64 65 65 70 | 6c 79 20 65 6d 6f 74 69 |its deep|ly emoti|
|000004e0| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 61 70 70 | 65 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 70 |onal app|eal to p|
|000004f0| 61 74 72 69 6f 74 69 73 | 6d 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 |atriotis|m and th|
|00000500| 65 20 67 6c 6f 72 69 6f | 75 73 0d 0a 61 6e 64 20 |e glorio|us..and |
|00000510| 72 6f 6d 61 6e 74 69 63 | 20 70 61 73 74 2c 20 69 |romantic| past, i|
|00000520| 74 73 20 6c 6f 76 65 20 | 6f 66 20 66 6c 61 67 73 |ts love |of flags|
|00000530| 2c 20 69 6e 73 69 67 6e | 69 61 2c 20 75 6e 69 66 |, insign|ia, unif|
|00000540| 6f 72 6d 73 20 61 6e 64 | 0d 0a 61 63 74 69 6f 6e |orms and|..action|
|00000550| 2c 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 | 6f 20 68 69 73 20 6c 69 |, more t|o his li|
|00000560| 6b 69 6e 67 2e 20 54 68 | 65 20 53 6f 63 69 61 6c |king. Th|e Social|
|00000570| 69 73 74 73 20 68 61 64 | 20 6d 6f 76 65 64 20 69 |ists had| moved i|
|00000580| 6e 74 6f 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 |nto the.|.politic|
|00000590| 61 6c 20 76 61 63 75 75 | 6d 20 74 68 61 74 20 66 |al vacuu|m that f|
|000005a0| 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 77 61 72 20 |ollowed |the war |
|000005b0| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 69 | 6d 70 6f 76 65 72 69 73 |in the i|mpoveris|
|000005c0| 68 65 64 2c 0d 0a 70 69 | 74 69 61 62 6c 79 20 67 |hed,..pi|tiably g|
|000005d0| 6f 76 65 72 6e 65 64 20 | 49 74 61 6c 79 20 6f 66 |overned |Italy of|
|000005e0| 20 4b 69 6e 67 20 56 69 | 74 74 6f 72 69 6f 20 45 | King Vi|ttorio E|
|000005f0| 6d 6d 61 6e 75 65 6c 20 | 49 49 2c 20 70 75 73 68 |mmanuel |II, push|
|00000600| 69 6e 67 0d 0a 66 6f 72 | 20 6c 61 62 6f 72 20 72 |ing..for| labor r|
|00000610| 65 66 6f 72 6d 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 61 6b 69 6e 67 |eform an|d taking|
|00000620| 20 6f 76 65 72 20 6c 6f | 63 61 6c 20 67 6f 76 65 | over lo|cal gove|
|00000630| 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 73 2e | 20 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 |rnments.| Mussoli|
|00000640| 6e 69 27 73 0d 0a 70 61 | 72 74 79 2c 20 66 6f 75 |ni's..pa|rty, fou|
|00000650| 6e 64 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 31 39 32 31 2c 20 66 6f |nded in |1921, fo|
|00000660| 72 6d 65 64 20 61 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 73 71 75 61 |rmed act|ion squa|
|00000670| 64 73 20 28 46 61 73 63 | 69 20 64 69 0d 0a 43 6f |ds (Fasc|i di..Co|
|00000680| 6d 62 61 74 69 6d 65 6e | 74 6f 29 20 74 68 61 74 |mbatimen|to) that|
|00000690| 20 75 6e 64 69 64 20 53 | 6f 63 69 61 6c 69 73 74 | undid S|ocialist|
|000006a0| 20 67 61 69 6e 73 20 62 | 79 20 66 6f 72 63 65 20 | gains b|y force |
|000006b0| 77 68 69 6c 65 20 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 61 75 74 68 6f |while th|e..autho|
|000006c0| 72 69 74 69 65 73 20 6c | 6f 6f 6b 65 64 20 74 68 |rities l|ooked th|
|000006d0| 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 | 77 61 79 2e 20 49 74 20 |e other |way. It |
|000006e0| 63 75 6c 6d 69 6e 61 74 | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |culminat|ed in th|
|000006f0| 65 20 31 39 32 32 0d 0a | 6d 61 72 63 68 20 6f 6e |e 1922..|march on|
|00000700| 20 52 6f 6d 65 20 62 79 | 20 34 30 2c 30 30 30 20 | Rome by| 40,000 |
|00000710| 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 20 | 22 62 6c 61 63 6b 73 68 |Fascist |"blacksh|
|00000720| 69 72 74 73 22 20 61 6e | 64 20 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c |irts" an|d Mussol|
|00000730| 69 6e 69 27 73 0d 0a 61 | 63 63 65 73 73 69 6f 6e |ini's..a|ccession|
|00000740| 20 74 6f 20 6e 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 61 6c 20 70 6f 6c | to nati|onal pol|
|00000750| 69 74 69 63 61 6c 20 70 | 6f 77 65 72 2e 20 48 65 |itical p|ower. He|
|00000760| 20 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 | 68 69 73 20 63 61 72 64 | played |his card|
|00000770| 73 0d 0a 73 6b 69 6c 6c | 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 61 6e |s..skill|fully an|
|00000780| 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 62 65 67 69 6e 6e 69 |d in the| beginni|
|00000790| 6e 67 2c 20 61 74 20 6c | 65 61 73 74 2c 20 61 76 |ng, at l|east, av|
|000007a0| 6f 69 64 65 64 20 6d 6f | 73 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |oided mo|st of th|
|000007b0| 65 0d 0a 65 78 63 65 73 | 73 65 73 20 6f 66 20 4c |e..exces|ses of L|
|000007c0| 65 6e 69 6e 69 73 6d 2e | 5d 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 |eninism.|]......(|
|000007d0| 4a 55 4c 59 20 32 2c 20 | 31 39 32 33 29 0d 0a 0d |JULY 2, |1923)...|
|000007e0| 0a 20 50 72 6f 70 6f 72 | 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 72 |. Propor|tional r|
|000007f0| 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 61 |epresent|ation wa|
|00000800| 73 20 69 6e 74 72 6f 64 | 75 63 65 64 20 62 79 20 |s introd|uced by |
|00000810| 4e 69 74 74 69 20 66 6f | 75 72 20 79 65 61 72 73 |Nitti fo|ur years|
|00000820| 0d 0a 61 67 6f 2e 20 55 | 6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 61 |..ago. U|nder tha|
|00000830| 74 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 20 61 20 70 6f 6c 69 74 |t system| a polit|
|00000840| 69 63 61 6c 20 70 61 72 | 74 79 20 69 73 20 65 6e |ical par|ty is en|
|00000850| 74 69 74 6c 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 61 73 20 67 72 65 |titled t|o as gre|
|00000860| 61 74 0d 0a 61 20 70 65 | 72 63 65 6e 74 61 67 65 |at..a pe|rcentage|
|00000870| 20 6f 66 20 73 65 61 74 | 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | of seat|s in the|
|00000880| 20 43 68 61 6d 62 65 72 | 20 6f 66 20 44 65 70 75 | Chamber| of Depu|
|00000890| 74 69 65 73 20 61 73 20 | 69 74 73 20 6e 75 6d 62 |ties as |its numb|
|000008a0| 65 72 73 0d 0a 62 65 61 | 72 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 |ers..bea|r to the|
|000008b0| 20 65 6c 65 63 74 6f 72 | 61 74 65 3b 20 61 20 70 | elector|ate; a p|
|000008c0| 61 72 74 79 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 67 65 74 73 20 34 |arty tha|t gets 4|
|000008d0| 30 25 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 76 6f 74 65 73 20 |0% of th|e votes |
|000008e0| 67 65 74 73 0d 0a 34 30 | 25 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |gets..40|% of the|
|000008f0| 20 73 65 61 74 73 2c 20 | 65 74 63 2e 20 49 74 61 | seats, |etc. Ita|
|00000900| 6c 79 20 68 61 73 20 6d | 61 6e 79 20 70 6f 6c 69 |ly has m|any poli|
|00000910| 74 69 63 61 6c 20 70 61 | 72 74 69 65 73 20 61 6e |tical pa|rties an|
|00000920| 64 0d 0a 75 6e 64 65 72 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 79 |d..under| this sy|
|00000930| 73 74 65 6d 20 74 68 65 | 20 43 61 74 68 6f 6c 69 |stem the| Catholi|
|00000940| 63 20 50 61 72 74 79 20 | 68 65 6c 64 20 74 68 65 |c Party |held the|
|00000950| 20 62 61 6c 61 6e 63 65 | 20 6f 66 20 70 6f 77 65 | balance| of powe|
|00000960| 72 0d 0a 77 68 69 6c 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 46 61 73 |r..while| the Fas|
|00000970| 63 69 73 74 69 20 61 6e | 64 20 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e |cisti an|d Nation|
|00000980| 61 6c 69 73 74 20 63 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 20 6f |alist co|mbined o|
|00000990| 6e 6c 79 20 68 65 6c 64 | 20 35 30 20 73 65 61 74 |nly held| 50 seat|
|000009a0| 73 0d 0a 6f 75 74 20 6f | 66 20 34 33 30 2e 0d 0a |s..out o|f 430...|
|000009b0| 0d 0a 20 20 53 6f 20 4d | 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 |.. So M|ussolini|
|000009c0| 20 68 61 73 20 64 65 63 | 69 64 65 64 20 74 68 61 | has dec|ided tha|
|000009d0| 74 20 70 72 6f 70 6f 72 | 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 72 |t propor|tional r|
|000009e0| 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 |epresent|ation is|
|000009f0| 0d 0a 61 20 67 6f 6f 64 | 20 74 68 69 6e 67 2c 20 |..a good| thing, |
|00000a00| 62 75 74 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |but only| for the|
|00000a10| 20 6d 69 6e 6f 72 69 74 | 79 2e 20 48 65 20 68 61 | minorit|y. He ha|
|00000a20| 73 20 70 72 6f 70 6f 73 | 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 0d |s propos|ed that.|
|00000a30| 0a 49 74 61 6c 79 20 62 | 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 |.Italy b|e consid|
|00000a40| 65 72 65 64 20 61 73 20 | 61 20 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 |ered as |a single|
|00000a50| 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 63 | 74 2e 20 54 68 65 20 70 | distric|t. The p|
|00000a60| 61 72 74 79 20 67 65 74 | 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |arty get|ting the|
|00000a70| 0d 0a 6c 61 72 67 65 73 | 74 20 76 6f 74 65 20 67 |..larges|t vote g|
|00000a80| 65 74 73 20 74 77 6f 2d | 74 68 69 72 64 73 20 6f |ets two-|thirds o|
|00000a90| 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 | 61 74 73 2c 20 74 68 65 |f the se|ats, the|
|00000aa0| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 | 68 69 72 64 20 74 6f 0d | other t|hird to.|
|00000ab0| 0a 62 65 20 64 69 76 69 | 64 65 64 20 70 72 6f 70 |.be divi|ded prop|
|00000ac0| 6f 72 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 6c 79 20 61 6d 6f 6e 67 |ortional|ly among|
|00000ad0| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68 | 65 72 20 70 61 72 74 69 | the oth|er parti|
|00000ae0| 65 73 2e 20 55 6e 64 65 | 72 20 74 68 69 73 0d 0a |es. Unde|r this..|
|00000af0| 73 63 68 65 6d 65 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 46 61 73 63 |scheme, |the Fasc|
|00000b00| 69 73 74 69 20 50 61 72 | 74 79 20 6d 69 67 68 74 |isti Par|ty might|
|00000b10| 20 68 61 76 65 20 6f 6e | 6c 79 20 6f 6e 65 2d 74 | have on|ly one-t|
|00000b20| 68 69 72 64 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 0d 0a 76 6f 74 |hird of |the..vot|
|00000b30| 65 73 2c 20 62 75 74 20 | 67 65 74 20 74 77 6f 2d |es, but |get two-|
|00000b40| 74 68 69 72 64 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 |thirds o|f the se|
|00000b50| 61 74 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 28 44 45 43 45 4d |ats.....|..(DECEM|
|00000b60| 42 45 52 20 32 34 2c 20 | 31 39 32 33 29 0d 0a 0d |BER 24, |1923)...|
|00000b70| 0a 20 41 6c 6c 20 49 74 | 61 6c 79 20 72 65 73 6f |. All It|aly reso|
|00000b80| 75 6e 64 65 64 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 72 75 6d 6f 72 |unded wi|th rumor|
|00000b90| 73 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 73 |s as the| reasons|
|00000ba0| 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 | 6e 64 75 63 65 64 0d 0a | which i|nduced..|
|00000bb0| 53 69 67 6e 6f 72 20 42 | 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 4d 75 |Signor B|enito Mu|
|00000bc0| 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 | 74 6f 20 73 75 73 70 65 |ssolini |to suspe|
|00000bd0| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 50 | 61 72 6c 69 61 6d 65 6e |nd the P|arliamen|
|00000be0| 74 61 72 79 20 73 65 73 | 73 69 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a 49 |tary ses|sion...I|
|00000bf0| 74 20 77 61 73 20 73 74 | 61 74 65 64 20 74 68 61 |t was st|ated tha|
|00000c00| 74 20 74 68 65 20 4b 69 | 6e 67 20 68 61 64 20 72 |t the Ki|ng had r|
|00000c10| 65 66 75 73 65 64 20 4d | 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 |efused M|ussolini|
|00000c20| 27 73 20 64 65 6d 61 6e | 64 20 66 6f 72 0d 0a 74 |'s deman|d for..t|
|00000c30| 68 65 20 65 78 74 65 6e | 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 |he exten|sion of |
|00000c40| 68 69 73 20 64 69 63 74 | 61 72 74 6f 72 73 68 69 |his dict|artorshi|
|00000c50| 70 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 | 72 75 6d 6f 72 2c 20 61 |p. This |rumor, a|
|00000c60| 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 6d | 6f 73 74 20 6f 66 0d 0a |s were m|ost of..|
|00000c70| 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 73 2c 20 77 61 73 20 |the othe|rs, was |
|00000c80| 73 70 65 65 64 69 6c 79 | 20 64 65 6e 69 65 64 2e |speedily| denied.|
|00000c90| 20 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 | 6e 69 20 6d 61 64 65 20 | Mussoli|ni made |
|00000ca0| 61 20 67 72 65 61 74 20 | 73 65 63 72 65 74 0d 0a |a great |secret..|
|00000cb0| 6f 66 20 68 69 73 20 66 | 75 74 75 72 65 20 70 6c |of his f|uture pl|
|00000cc0| 61 6e 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 54 68 61 74 20 50 |ans.....| That P|
|00000cd0| 72 65 6d 69 65 72 20 4d | 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 |remier M|ussolini|
|00000ce0| 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6d 70 | 6c 61 74 65 64 20 65 6e | contemp|lated en|
|00000cf0| 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 64 69 63 74 61 74 6f |ding the| dictato|
|00000d00| 72 73 68 69 70 0d 0a 61 | 6e 64 20 72 69 73 6b 69 |rship..a|nd riski|
|00000d10| 6e 67 20 68 69 73 20 70 | 6f 77 65 72 20 75 70 6f |ng his p|ower upo|
|00000d20| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 64 65 | 63 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f |n the de|cision o|
|00000d30| 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 6c | 65 63 74 6f 72 61 74 65 |f the el|ectorate|
|00000d40| 2c 20 69 73 0d 0a 6d 65 | 61 6e 69 6e 67 6c 65 73 |, is..me|aningles|
|00000d50| 73 2e 20 46 61 73 63 69 | 73 6d 20 61 73 20 61 20 |s. Fasci|sm as a |
|00000d60| 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 61 | 6c 20 74 68 65 6f 72 79 |politica|l theory|
|00000d70| 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 72 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 70 | is not |really p|
|00000d80| 6f 70 75 6c 61 72 0d 0a | 69 6e 20 49 74 61 6c 79 |opular..|in Italy|
|00000d90| 2c 20 62 75 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 46 61 73 63 69 73 |, but th|e Fascis|
|00000da0| 74 69 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e |ti with |Mussolin|
|00000db0| 69 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 | 69 72 20 68 65 61 64 20 |i at the|ir head |
|00000dc0| 61 72 65 20 61 74 0d 0a | 74 68 65 20 7a 65 6e 69 |are at..|the zeni|
|00000dd0| 74 68 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 69 72 20 70 6f 70 75 |th of th|eir popu|
|00000de0| 6c 61 72 69 74 79 2e 20 | 54 68 65 20 64 69 66 66 |larity. |The diff|
|00000df0| 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 69 | 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 |erence i|s that t|
|00000e00| 68 65 69 72 0d 0a 6d 65 | 61 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 61 |heir..me|ans of a|
|00000e10| 63 71 75 69 72 69 6e 67 | 20 70 6f 77 65 72 20 68 |cquiring| power h|
|00000e20| 61 76 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 62 65 65 6e 20 63 6f 6e |ave not |been con|
|00000e30| 64 6f 6e 65 64 20 62 79 | 20 61 20 6c 61 72 67 65 |doned by| a large|
|00000e40| 0d 0a 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 20 6f 66 20 49 74 61 6c |..number| of Ital|
|00000e50| 69 61 6e 73 3b 20 62 75 | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 |ians; bu|t that t|
|00000e60| 68 65 20 72 65 73 75 6c | 74 73 20 6f 62 74 61 69 |he resul|ts obtai|
|00000e70| 6e 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 | 68 65 6d 2c 20 66 72 6f |ned by t|hem, fro|
|00000e80| 6d 0d 0a 61 6c 6d 6f 73 | 74 20 65 76 65 72 79 20 |m..almos|t every |
|00000e90| 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 6f 66 | 20 76 69 65 77 2c 20 68 |point of| view, h|
|00000ea0| 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 64 65 73 65 72 76 69 |ave been| deservi|
|00000eb0| 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 75 6e | 73 74 69 6e 74 65 64 0d |ng of un|stinted.|
|00000ec0| 0a 70 72 61 69 73 65 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 |.praise |from the|
|00000ed0| 20 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e | 20 42 79 20 76 69 72 74 | nation.| By virt|
|00000ee0| 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 69 | 73 63 61 72 64 69 6e 67 |ually di|scarding|
|00000ef0| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 75 74 | 77 61 72 64 0d 0a 61 63 | the out|ward..ac|
|00000f00| 63 6f 75 74 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 68 |coutreme|nts of h|
|00000f10| 69 73 20 64 69 63 74 61 | 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 70 |is dicta|torial p|
|00000f20| 6f 77 65 72 2c 20 4d 75 | 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 |ower, Mu|ssolini |
|00000f30| 63 61 6e 20 64 69 73 61 | 72 6d 20 68 69 73 0d 0a |can disa|rm his..|
|00000f40| 6f 70 70 6f 6e 65 6e 74 | 73 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 |opponent|s while |
|00000f50| 68 6f 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 69 72 20 66 61 |holding |their fa|
|00000f60| 76 6f 72 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 73 6f 20 6f 76 65 72 |vor, and| so over|
|00000f70| 73 68 61 64 6f 77 20 74 | 68 65 0d 0a 47 69 6f 6c |shadow t|he..Giol|
|00000f80| 69 74 74 69 73 74 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 |ittists |and the |
|00000f90| 52 61 64 69 63 61 6c 73 | 2e 20 41 73 20 66 6f 72 |Radicals|. As for|
|00000fa0| 20 74 68 65 20 43 61 74 | 68 6f 6c 69 63 20 50 61 | the Cat|holic Pa|
|00000fb0| 72 74 79 2c 20 69 74 20 | 77 61 73 0d 0a 74 68 6f |rty, it |was..tho|
|00000fc0| 75 67 68 74 20 6c 69 6b | 65 6c 79 20 74 68 61 74 |ught lik|ely that|
|00000fd0| 20 74 68 65 79 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 73 75 70 70 6f | they wi|ll suppo|
|00000fe0| 72 74 20 74 68 65 20 46 | 61 73 63 69 73 74 69 2c |rt the F|ascisti,|
|00000ff0| 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 72 65 | 73 69 67 6e 61 74 69 6f | the..re|signatio|
|00001000| 6e 20 6f 66 20 44 6f 6e | 20 53 74 75 72 7a 6f 20 |n of Don| Sturzo |
|00001010| 70 6f 69 6e 74 69 6e 67 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |pointing| to the |
|00001020| 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 72 79 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 |contrary|.......(|
|00001030| 4a 41 4e 55 41 52 59 20 | 31 34 2c 20 31 39 32 34 |JANUARY |14, 1924|
|00001040| 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 54 68 | 65 20 66 75 6c 6c 70 6f |).... Th|e fullpo|
|00001050| 77 65 72 73 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 20 6d 61 64 65 20 |wers whi|ch made |
|00001060| 50 72 65 6d 69 65 72 20 | 42 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 4d |Premier |Benito M|
|00001070| 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 | 20 44 69 63 74 61 74 6f |ussolini| Dictato|
|00001080| 72 20 6f 66 0d 0a 68 69 | 73 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 72 |r of..hi|s countr|
|00001090| 79 2c 20 63 61 6d 65 20 | 74 6f 20 61 6e 20 65 6e |y, came |to an en|
|000010a0| 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 61 73 73 69 |d with t|he passi|
|000010b0| 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 6f 6c 64 20 79 65 |ng of th|e old ye|
|000010c0| 61 72 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 44 69 64 20 74 68 65 |ar..... | Did the|
|000010d0| 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 | 63 68 65 65 72 20 61 6e | people |cheer an|
|000010e0| 64 20 63 6c 61 70 3f 20 | 4e 6f 21 20 54 68 65 72 |d clap? |No! Ther|
|000010f0| 65 20 77 61 73 20 6c 69 | 74 74 6c 65 20 65 6e 74 |e was li|ttle ent|
|00001100| 68 75 73 69 61 73 6d 0d | 0a 61 6e 64 20 6d 75 63 |husiasm.|.and muc|
|00001110| 68 20 64 72 65 61 64 20 | 65 76 69 6e 63 65 64 20 |h dread |evinced |
|00001120| 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 74 | 68 6f 75 67 68 74 20 6f |at the t|hought o|
|00001130| 66 20 61 20 72 65 74 75 | 72 6e 20 74 6f 0d 0a 70 |f a retu|rn to..p|
|00001140| 61 72 6c 69 61 6d 65 6e | 74 61 72 79 20 67 6f 76 |arliamen|tary gov|
|00001150| 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2e | 20 54 68 6f 75 73 61 6e |ernment.| Thousan|
|00001160| 64 73 20 6f 66 20 70 65 | 6f 70 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 |ds of pe|ople in |
|00001170| 74 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 | 73 20 6f 66 0d 0a 6c 65 |thousand|s of..le|
|00001180| 74 74 65 72 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 65 6c 65 67 72 |tters an|d telegr|
|00001190| 61 6d 73 20 75 72 67 65 | 64 20 74 68 65 20 50 72 |ams urge|d the Pr|
|000011a0| 65 6d 69 65 72 20 74 6f | 20 22 63 61 72 72 79 20 |emier to| "carry |
|000011b0| 6f 6e 22 20 61 73 0d 0a | 44 69 63 74 61 74 6f 72 |on" as..|Dictator|
|000011c0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 42 | 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 72 65 |..... B|enito re|
|000011d0| 6d 61 69 6e 65 64 20 73 | 69 6c 65 6e 74 20 61 64 |mained s|ilent ad|
|000011e0| 20 69 6e 73 63 72 75 74 | 61 62 6c 65 2e 0d 0a 0d | inscrut|able....|
|000011f0| 0a 0d 0a 28 41 50 52 49 | 4c 20 31 34 2c 20 31 39 |...(APRI|L 14, 19|
|00001200| 32 34 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 54 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 |24).... |The firs|
|00001210| 74 20 65 6c 65 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 75 6e 64 65 72 |t electi|on under|
|00001220| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 | 20 65 6c 65 63 74 6f 72 | the new| elector|
|00001230| 61 6c 20 6c 61 77 20 74 | 6f 6f 6b 20 70 6c 61 63 |al law t|ook plac|
|00001240| 65 20 6f 6e 0d 0a 41 70 | 72 69 6c 20 36 2e 20 54 |e on..Ap|ril 6. T|
|00001250| 68 65 72 65 20 77 61 73 | 20 6e 6f 20 64 6f 75 62 |here was| no doub|
|00001260| 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 75 74 63 6f 6d 65 |t of the| outcome|
|00001270| 2e 20 54 68 65 20 46 61 | 63 69 73 74 69 20 77 6f |. The Fa|cisti wo|
|00001280| 6e 2e 20 54 77 6f 0d 0a | 64 61 79 73 20 62 65 66 |n. Two..|days bef|
|00001290| 6f 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6f 6e |ore the |election|
|000012a0| 2c 20 42 65 6e 69 74 6f | 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 63 61 |, Benito|, who ca|
|000012b0| 73 74 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 69 72 73 74 20 76 6f 74 |st the f|irst vot|
|000012c0| 65 20 69 6e 0d 0a 4d 69 | 6c 61 6e 2c 20 69 73 73 |e in..Mi|lan, iss|
|000012d0| 75 65 64 20 61 20 62 75 | 6c 6c 65 74 69 6e 20 74 |ued a bu|lletin t|
|000012e0| 6f 20 68 69 73 20 46 61 | 73 63 69 73 74 69 3a 0d |o his Fa|scisti:.|
|000012f0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 42 6c | 61 63 6b 73 68 69 72 74 |... "Bl|ackshirt|
|00001300| 73 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 63 | 61 6e 20 68 61 76 65 20 |s, you c|an have |
|00001310| 66 61 69 74 68 20 69 6e | 20 6d 65 20 61 73 20 74 |faith in| me as t|
|00001320| 68 65 20 69 6e 66 6c 65 | 78 69 62 6c 65 2c 0d 0a |he infle|xible,..|
|00001330| 73 65 76 65 72 65 2c 20 | 69 6d 70 6c 61 63 61 62 |severe, |implacab|
|00001340| 6c 65 20 64 65 66 65 6e | 64 65 72 20 6f 66 20 6f |le defen|der of o|
|00001350| 75 72 20 72 65 76 6f 6c | 75 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 49 |ur revol|ution. I|
|00001360| 20 73 61 79 20 74 6f 20 | 79 6f 75 2c 0d 0a 64 65 | say to |you,..de|
|00001370| 66 65 6e 64 20 77 68 61 | 74 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 |fend wha|t you ha|
|00001380| 76 65 20 61 6c 72 65 61 | 64 79 20 68 65 6c 70 65 |ve alrea|dy helpe|
|00001390| 64 20 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 | 61 63 68 69 65 76 65 20 |d me to |achieve |
|000013a0| 62 79 0d 0a 70 61 72 74 | 69 63 69 70 61 74 69 6f |by..part|icipatio|
|000013b0| 6e 20 6e 6f 77 2c 20 65 | 76 65 6e 20 69 66 20 73 |n now, e|ven if s|
|000013c0| 68 65 64 64 69 6e 67 20 | 79 6f 75 72 20 62 6c 6f |hedding |your blo|
|000013d0| 6f 64 20 69 73 20 6e 65 | 63 65 73 73 61 72 79 2e |od is ne|cessary.|
|000013e0| 20 57 65 0d 0a 77 69 6c | 6c 20 62 65 67 69 6e 20 | We..wil|l begin |
|000013f0| 61 67 61 69 6e 20 74 6f | 77 61 72 64 20 61 20 73 |again to|ward a s|
|00001400| 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 76 69 | 63 74 6f 72 79 2e 22 0d |econd vi|ctory.".|
|00001410| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 46 61 73 | 63 69 73 74 69 20 6c 69 |... Fas|cisti li|
|00001420| 73 74 73 20 6f 66 20 63 | 61 6e 64 69 64 61 74 65 |sts of c|andidate|
|00001430| 73 20 6e 61 6d 65 64 20 | 33 35 36 20 6d 65 6e 2c |s named |356 men,|
|00001440| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 65 | 63 69 73 65 0d 0a 6d 61 | the pre|cise..ma|
|00001450| 78 69 6d 75 6d 20 6f 66 | 20 44 65 70 75 74 69 65 |ximum of| Deputie|
|00001460| 73 20 61 6e 79 20 70 61 | 72 74 79 20 63 61 6e 20 |s any pa|rty can |
|00001470| 67 65 74 20 69 6e 74 6f | 20 50 61 72 6c 69 61 6d |get into| Parliam|
|00001480| 65 6e 74 20 75 6e 64 65 | 72 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 6e |ent unde|r the..n|
|00001490| 65 77 20 6c 61 77 2e 20 | 43 6f 6d 70 61 72 61 74 |ew law. |Comparat|
|000014a0| 69 76 65 6c 79 20 6c 69 | 74 74 6c 65 20 76 69 6f |ively li|ttle vio|
|000014b0| 6c 65 6e 63 65 20 77 61 | 73 20 72 65 70 6f 72 74 |lence wa|s report|
|000014c0| 65 64 2e 20 4f 70 70 6f | 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a |ed. Oppo|sition..|
|000014d0| 73 70 65 6c 6c 62 69 6e | 64 65 72 73 20 77 65 72 |spellbin|ders wer|
|000014e0| 65 20 6d 6f 76 65 64 20 | 6f 6e 20 62 79 20 74 68 |e moved |on by th|
|000014f0| 65 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 65 | 2e 2e 2e 41 6c 6c 20 76 |e police|...All v|
|00001500| 6f 74 65 72 73 20 72 65 | 63 65 69 76 65 64 0d 0a |oters re|ceived..|
|00001510| 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c | 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 6c 65 |the foll|owing le|
|00001520| 74 74 65 72 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 74 68 65 20 46 61 |tter fro|m the Fa|
|00001530| 73 63 69 73 74 69 3a 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 44 65 61 |scisti:.|... Dea|
|00001540| 72 20 46 72 69 65 6e 64 | 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 57 |r Friend|:.... W|
|00001550| 65 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 79 6f |e notice| that yo|
|00001560| 75 20 68 61 76 65 20 6e | 6f 74 20 76 6f 74 65 64 |u have n|ot voted|
|00001570| 20 79 65 74 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 61 73 20 77 65 20 | yet, an|d as we |
|00001580| 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 | 0d 0a 73 6f 72 72 79 20 |would be|..sorry |
|00001590| 69 66 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 6e 61 6d 65 20 73 68 6f |if your |name sho|
|000015a0| 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 69 | 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 |uld be i|ncluded |
|000015b0| 61 6d 6f 6e 67 20 74 68 | 6f 73 65 20 77 68 6f 20 |among th|ose who |
|000015c0| 68 61 76 65 0d 0a 61 62 | 73 74 61 69 6e 65 64 2c |have..ab|stained,|
|000015d0| 20 77 65 20 62 65 67 20 | 79 6f 75 20 74 6f 20 67 | we beg |you to g|
|000015e0| 6f 20 61 6e 64 20 76 6f | 74 65 20 61 74 20 6f 6e |o and vo|te at on|
|000015f0| 63 65 20 77 69 74 68 6f | 75 74 20 77 61 69 74 69 |ce witho|ut waiti|
|00001600| 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 0d 0a | 74 68 65 20 6c 61 73 74 |ng for..|the last|
|00001610| 20 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 2e | 20 46 65 65 6c 69 6e 67 | minute.| Feeling|
|00001620| 20 63 65 72 74 61 69 6e | 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 65 | certain| that we|
|00001630| 20 68 61 76 65 20 64 6f | 6e 65 20 79 6f 75 20 61 | have do|ne you a|
|00001640| 20 66 61 76 6f 72 0d 0a | 69 6e 20 74 68 75 73 20 | favor..|in thus |
|00001650| 72 65 63 61 6c 6c 69 6e | 67 20 79 6f 75 20 74 6f |recallin|g you to|
|00001660| 20 79 6f 75 72 20 64 75 | 74 79 2c 20 77 65 20 63 | your du|ty, we c|
|00001670| 6f 72 64 69 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 73 61 6c 75 74 65 20 |ordially| salute |
|00001680| 79 6f 75 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 54 68 75 73 20 67 |you.....| Thus g|
|00001690| 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 72 65 | 6d 69 6e 64 65 64 20 6f |ently re|minded o|
|000016a0| 66 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 | 63 69 76 69 63 20 64 75 |f their |civic du|
|000016b0| 74 79 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 46 61 73 63 69 |ty and t|he Fasci|
|000016c0| 73 74 0d 0a 63 75 64 67 | 65 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 |st..cudg|els and |
|000016d0| 63 61 73 74 6f 72 20 6f | 69 6c 2c 20 70 61 6e 69 |castor o|il, pani|
|000016e0| 63 20 73 74 72 69 63 6b | 65 6e 20 65 6c 65 63 74 |c strick|en elect|
|000016f0| 6f 72 73 20 72 75 73 68 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |ors rush|ed to th|
|00001700| 65 0d 0a 70 6f 6c 6c 73 | 20 74 6f 20 22 76 6f 74 |e..polls| to "vot|
|00001710| 65 20 74 68 65 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 77 61 79 2e |e the ri|ght way.|
|00001720| 22 20 4d 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 36 2c 30 30 |" More t|han 6,00|
|00001730| 30 2c 30 30 30 20 76 6f | 74 65 72 73 2d 2d 6f 76 |0,000 vo|ters--ov|
|00001740| 65 72 0d 0a 35 30 25 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 |er..50% |of the e|
|00001750| 6c 65 63 74 6f 72 61 74 | 65 2d 2d 74 75 72 6e 65 |lectorat|e--turne|
|00001760| 64 20 6f 75 74 2d 2d 61 | 20 68 69 67 68 20 72 65 |d out--a| high re|
|00001770| 63 6f 72 64 20 66 6f 72 | 20 49 74 61 6c 79 2e 0d |cord for| Italy..|
|00001780| 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5b | 54 68 69 73 20 72 65 6c |..... [|This rel|
|00001790| 61 74 69 76 65 6c 79 20 | 61 6d 69 61 62 6c 65 20 |atively |amiable |
|000017a0| 6d 6f 64 75 73 20 6f 70 | 65 72 61 6e 64 69 20 63 |modus op|erandi c|
|000017b0| 61 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 61 | 6e 20 65 6e 64 20 61 66 |ame to a|n end af|
|000017c0| 74 65 72 0d 0a 74 68 65 | 20 6b 69 64 6e 61 70 2d |ter..the| kidnap-|
|000017d0| 6d 75 72 64 65 72 20 69 | 6e 20 31 39 32 34 20 6f |murder i|n 1924 o|
|000017e0| 66 20 47 69 61 63 6f 6d | 6f 20 4d 61 74 74 65 6f |f Giacom|o Matteo|
|000017f0| 74 74 69 2c 20 6d 69 6c | 6c 69 6f 6e 61 69 72 65 |tti, mil|lionaire|
|00001800| 0d 0a 53 6f 63 69 61 6c | 69 73 74 20 64 65 70 75 |..Social|ist depu|
|00001810| 74 79 20 61 6e 64 20 70 | 72 6f 6d 69 6e 65 6e 74 |ty and p|rominent|
|00001820| 20 6f 70 70 6f 6e 65 6e | 74 20 6f 66 20 46 61 73 | opponen|t of Fas|
|00001830| 63 69 73 6d 2e 20 41 73 | 20 77 65 65 6b 73 2c 0d |cism. As| weeks,.|
|00001840| 0a 74 68 65 6e 20 6d 6f | 6e 74 68 73 20 70 61 73 |.then mo|nths pas|
|00001850| 73 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 | 6f 75 74 20 61 63 74 69 |sed with|out acti|
|00001860| 6f 6e 20 61 67 61 69 6e | 73 74 20 4d 61 74 74 65 |on again|st Matte|
|00001870| 6f 74 74 69 27 73 20 6b | 69 6c 6c 65 72 73 2c 0d |otti's k|illers,.|
|00001880| 0a 74 68 65 20 6c 65 76 | 65 6c 20 6f 66 20 70 6f |.the lev|el of po|
|00001890| 6c 69 74 69 63 61 6c 20 | 6e 6f 69 73 65 20 61 6e |litical |noise an|
|000018a0| 64 20 76 69 6f 6c 65 6e | 63 65 20 72 6f 73 65 20 |d violen|ce rose |
|000018b0| 73 74 65 61 64 69 6c 79 | 2e 5d 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 4a |steadily|.]....(J|
|000018c0| 55 4c 59 20 37 2c 20 31 | 39 32 34 29 0d 0a 0d 0a |ULY 7, 1|924)....|
|000018d0| 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 62 | 6c 61 63 6b 20 73 68 69 | The b|lack shi|
|000018e0| 72 74 2c 20 69 74 20 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |rt, it h|as been |
|000018f0| 66 72 65 71 75 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 61 6c 6c 65 67 |frequent|ly alleg|
|00001900| 65 64 2c 20 77 61 73 20 | 61 64 6f 70 74 65 64 0d |ed, was |adopted.|
|00001910| 0a 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 69 |.by the |Fascisti|
|00001920| 20 6f 6e 20 61 63 63 6f | 75 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 69 | on acco|unt of i|
|00001930| 74 73 20 75 74 69 6c 69 | 74 61 72 69 61 6e 20 63 |ts utili|tarian c|
|00001940| 6f 6c 6f 72 2e 20 50 72 | 65 6d 69 65 72 0d 0a 42 |olor. Pr|emier..B|
|00001950| 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 64 69 | 73 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 |enito di|scovered|
|00001960| 2c 20 68 6f 77 65 76 65 | 72 2c 20 74 68 61 74 20 |, howeve|r, that |
|00001970| 63 65 72 74 61 69 6e 20 | 6b 69 6e 64 73 20 6f 66 |certain |kinds of|
|00001980| 20 73 70 6f 74 73 20 73 | 68 6f 77 20 75 70 0d 0a | spots s|how up..|
|00001990| 6d 6f 73 74 20 70 6c 61 | 69 6e 6c 79 2c 20 61 6e |most pla|inly, an|
|000019a0| 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | 20 71 75 69 65 73 63 65 |d to the| quiesce|
|000019b0| 6e 74 20 62 75 74 20 69 | 6e 74 65 6e 73 65 20 64 |nt but i|ntense d|
|000019c0| 69 73 63 6f 6d 66 69 74 | 75 72 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a |iscomfit|ure of..|
|000019d0| 74 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 | 73 20 6f 66 20 46 61 73 |thousand|s of Fas|
|000019e0| 63 69 73 74 69 2c 20 68 | 65 20 6f 72 64 65 72 65 |cisti, h|e ordere|
|000019f0| 64 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 | 72 73 74 20 67 65 6e 65 |d the fi|rst gene|
|00001a00| 72 61 6c 20 77 61 73 68 | 20 6f 66 0d 0a 62 6c 61 |ral wash| of..bla|
|00001a10| 63 6b 20 73 68 69 72 74 | 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 73 |ck shirt|s. The s|
|00001a20| 74 61 69 6e 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 20 42 65 6e 69 74 |tain whi|ch Benit|
|00001a30| 6f 20 77 61 73 20 65 6e | 64 65 61 76 6f 72 69 6e |o was en|deavorin|
|00001a40| 67 20 73 6f 20 6e 6f 62 | 6c 79 0d 0a 74 6f 20 72 |g so nob|ly..to r|
|00001a50| 65 6d 6f 76 65 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 42 |emove fr|om the B|
|00001a60| 6c 61 63 6b 20 53 68 69 | 72 74 73 20 28 74 68 65 |lack Shi|rts (the|
|00001a70| 20 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 | 69 29 20 77 61 73 20 6d | Fascist|i) was m|
|00001a80| 61 64 65 20 62 79 20 74 | 68 65 0d 0a 73 75 70 70 |ade by t|he..supp|
|00001a90| 6f 73 65 64 20 6d 75 72 | 64 65 72 20 6f 66 20 44 |osed mur|der of D|
|00001aa0| 65 70 75 74 79 20 47 69 | 61 63 6f 6d 6f 20 4d 61 |eputy Gi|acomo Ma|
|00001ab0| 74 74 65 6f 74 74 69 20 | 62 79 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 |tteotti |by some |
|00001ac0| 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 69 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 54 |Fascisti|..... T|
|00001ad0| 68 65 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 | 20 73 74 6f 72 79 20 68 |he whole| story h|
|00001ae0| 61 73 20 6e 6f 77 20 63 | 6f 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 62 |as now c|ome to b|
|00001af0| 65 20 6b 6e 6f 77 6e 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 22 |e known |as the "|
|00001b00| 4d 61 74 74 65 6f 74 74 | 69 0d 0a 41 66 66 61 69 |Matteott|i..Affai|
|00001b10| 72 2c 22 20 61 6e 64 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 61 |r," and |with tha|
|00001b20| 74 20 61 66 66 61 69 72 | 20 42 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 |t affair| Benito |
|00001b30| 77 61 73 20 6f 76 65 72 | 2d 62 75 73 79 20 64 75 |was over|-busy du|
|00001b40| 72 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 70 61 73 74 20 77 |ring the|..past w|
|00001b50| 65 65 6b 2e 20 57 69 74 | 68 20 61 6e 67 72 79 20 |eek. Wit|h angry |
|00001b60| 73 68 6f 75 74 73 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |shouts f|rom the |
|00001b70| 4f 70 70 6f 73 69 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 72 69 6e 67 69 |Oppositi|on ringi|
|00001b80| 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 68 69 | 73 0d 0a 65 61 72 73 2c |ng in hi|s..ears,|
|00001b90| 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 74 65 6e 63 68 | with th|e stench|
|00001ba0| 20 6f 66 20 70 6f 6c 69 | 74 69 63 61 6c 20 64 69 | of poli|tical di|
|00001bb0| 73 73 61 74 69 73 66 61 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |ssatisfa|ction of|
|00001bc0| 66 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 | 68 69 73 0d 0a 6e 6f 73 |fending |his..nos|
|00001bd0| 74 72 69 6c 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 73 |trils an|d with s|
|00001be0| 79 6d 70 61 74 68 79 20 | 70 61 72 61 64 65 64 20 |ympathy |paraded |
|00001bf0| 66 6f 72 20 4d 61 74 74 | 65 6f 74 74 69 20 74 6f |for Matt|eotti to|
|00001c00| 72 74 75 72 69 6e 67 20 | 68 69 73 0d 0a 76 69 73 |rturing |his..vis|
|00001c10| 69 6f 6e 2c 20 42 65 6e | 69 74 6f 20 73 65 74 20 |ion, Ben|ito set |
|00001c20| 74 6f 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 74 6f 20 63 6c 65 61 72 |to work |to clear|
|00001c30| 20 75 70 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 69 74 75 61 74 69 6f | up the |situatio|
|00001c40| 6e 20 69 6e 20 68 69 73 | 20 6f 77 6e 0d 0a 74 65 |n in his| own..te|
|00001c50| 72 73 65 20 77 61 79 2e | 20 48 65 20 6d 61 64 65 |rse way.| He made|
|00001c60| 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 73 | the fol|lowing s|
|00001c70| 70 65 65 63 68 65 73 3a | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 74 |peeches:|.... At|
|00001c80| 20 61 20 43 6f 75 6e 63 | 69 6c 20 6f 66 20 4d 69 | a Counc|il of Mi|
|00001c90| 6e 69 73 74 65 72 73 2c | 20 68 65 20 72 65 66 65 |nisters,| he refe|
|00001ca0| 72 72 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 68 69 73 20 64 65 63 69 |rred to |his deci|
|00001cb0| 73 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 0d | 0a 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 20 |sion to.|.remain |
|00001cc0| 69 6e 20 6f 66 66 69 63 | 65 20 61 6e 64 20 61 64 |in offic|e and ad|
|00001cd0| 64 65 64 3a 20 22 49 20 | 62 65 6c 69 65 76 65 20 |ded: "I |believe |
|00001ce0| 74 68 61 74 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 77 61 79 |that in |that way|
|00001cf0| 20 49 20 77 69 6c 6c 0d | 0a 62 65 73 74 20 73 65 | I will.|.best se|
|00001d00| 72 76 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 |rve the |interest|
|00001d10| 73 20 6f 66 20 49 74 61 | 6c 79 2c 20 77 68 69 63 |s of Ita|ly, whic|
|00001d20| 68 20 6d 75 73 74 20 62 | 65 20 70 72 65 73 65 72 |h must b|e preser|
|00001d30| 76 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d | 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 73 68 |ved from|..the sh|
|00001d40| 6f 63 6b 20 61 6e 64 20 | 75 6e 72 65 73 74 20 77 |ock and |unrest w|
|00001d50| 68 69 63 68 20 77 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 63 65 72 74 61 |hich wou|ld certa|
|00001d60| 69 6e 6c 79 20 61 63 63 | 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 20 61 |inly acc|ompany a|
|00001d70| 20 43 61 62 69 6e 65 74 | 0d 0a 63 72 69 73 69 73 | Cabinet|..crisis|
|00001d80| 20 61 74 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 6d 6f 6d 65 6e 74 2e | at this| moment.|
|00001d90| 22 20 42 65 6e 69 74 6f | 27 73 20 73 70 65 65 63 |" Benito|'s speec|
|00001da0| 68 20 77 61 73 20 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 65 66 66 |h was to| the eff|
|00001db0| 65 63 74 20 74 68 61 74 | 0d 0a 68 65 20 73 61 77 |ect that|..he saw|
|00001dc0| 20 6e 6f 20 72 65 61 73 | 6f 6e 20 77 68 79 20 74 | no reas|on why t|
|00001dd0| 68 65 20 46 61 73 63 69 | 73 74 20 47 6f 76 65 72 |he Fasci|st Gover|
|00001de0| 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 73 68 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 65 73 |nment sh|ould res|
|00001df0| 69 67 6e 0d 0a 62 65 63 | 61 75 73 65 20 69 74 20 |ign..bec|ause it |
|00001e00| 68 61 64 20 73 75 66 66 | 65 72 65 64 20 66 72 6f |had suff|ered fro|
|00001e10| 6d 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 | 67 72 65 74 74 61 62 6c |m the re|grettabl|
|00001e20| 65 20 4d 61 74 74 65 6f | 74 74 69 20 61 66 66 61 |e Matteo|tti affa|
|00001e30| 69 72 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 70 61 72 |ir..... | The par|
|00001e40| 74 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 4f 70 70 6f |ties of |the Oppo|
|00001e50| 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 | 65 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 |sition w|ere not |
|00001e60| 74 6f 20 62 65 20 71 75 | 69 65 74 65 64 20 62 79 |to be qu|ieted by|
|00001e70| 0d 0a 42 65 6e 69 74 6f | 27 73 20 70 72 6f 6d 69 |..Benito|'s promi|
|00001e80| 73 65 73 20 6f 66 20 72 | 65 66 6f 72 6d 2e 20 54 |ses of r|eform. T|
|00001e90| 68 65 79 20 6d 65 74 20 | 69 6e 20 70 6c 65 6e 61 |hey met |in plena|
|00001ea0| 72 79 20 73 65 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 64 61 |ry sessi|on to da|
|00001eb0| 6d 6e 0d 0a 46 61 73 63 | 69 63 6d 6f 2c 20 74 6f |mn..Fasc|icmo, to|
|00001ec0| 20 6c 61 79 20 74 68 65 | 20 62 6c 61 6d 65 20 66 | lay the| blame f|
|00001ed0| 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 4d | 61 74 74 65 6f 74 74 69 |or the M|atteotti|
|00001ee0| 20 61 66 66 61 69 72 20 | 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 64 | affair |at the d|
|00001ef0| 6f 6f 72 0d 0a 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 67 6f 76 65 |oor..of |the gove|
|00001f00| 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 | 74 6f 20 64 65 6d 61 6e |rnment, |to deman|
|00001f10| 64 20 74 68 65 20 61 62 | 6f 6c 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 |d the ab|olition |
|00001f20| 6f 66 20 46 61 73 63 69 | 73 74 20 6d 69 6c 69 74 |of Fasci|st milit|
|00001f30| 69 61 2c 0d 0a 74 6f 20 | 61 73 6b 20 69 6e 20 76 |ia,..to |ask in v|
|00001f40| 65 69 6c 65 64 20 6c 61 | 6e 67 75 61 67 65 20 66 |eiled la|nguage f|
|00001f50| 6f 72 20 42 65 6e 69 74 | 6f 27 73 20 72 65 73 69 |or Benit|o's resi|
|00001f60| 67 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c | 20 74 6f 20 73 74 61 74 |gnation,| to stat|
|00001f70| 65 0d 0a 74 68 61 74 20 | 74 68 65 79 20 77 6f 75 |e..that |they wou|
|00001f80| 6c 64 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 | 74 74 65 6e 64 20 50 61 |ld not a|ttend Pa|
|00001f90| 72 6c 69 61 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 61 67 61 69 6e 20 22 |rliament| again "|
|00001fa0| 61 73 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 65 0d 0a |as long |as the..|
|00001fb0| 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 20 | 63 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 6f |present |conditio|
|00001fc0| 6e 73 20 70 72 65 76 61 | 69 6c 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a |ns preva|il."....|
|00001fd0| 0d 0a 28 4a 41 4e 55 41 | 52 59 20 31 32 2c 20 31 |..(JANUA|RY 12, 1|
|00001fe0| 39 32 35 29 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 49 74 20 77 61 |925)....| It wa|
|00001ff0| 73 20 63 6c 65 61 72 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |s clear |that the|
|00002000| 20 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 77 61 73 20 | Governm|ent was |
|00002010| 73 69 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 | 64 65 61 74 68 20 6f 66 |sick to |death of|
|00002020| 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 4f 70 | 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e | the..Op|position|
|00002030| 27 73 20 61 74 74 61 63 | 6b 73 2c 20 74 68 61 74 |'s attac|ks, that|
|00002040| 20 74 68 65 20 4f 70 70 | 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 | the Opp|osition |
|00002050| 77 61 73 20 77 65 61 72 | 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |was wear|y of the|
|00002060| 0d 0a 47 6f 76 65 72 6e | 6d 65 6e 74 27 73 20 74 |..Govern|ment's t|
|00002070| 61 6c 6b 20 77 69 74 68 | 6f 75 74 20 61 63 74 69 |alk with|out acti|
|00002080| 6f 6e 2c 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 49 74 61 |on, that| the Ita|
|00002090| 6c 69 61 6e 20 70 65 6f | 70 6c 65 20 77 65 72 65 |lian peo|ple were|
|000020a0| 0d 0a 66 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 74 65 65 |..fed to| the tee|
|000020b0| 74 68 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 62 6f 74 68 20 74 68 65 |th with |both the|
|000020c0| 20 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 64 65 63 69 | Governm|ent deci|
|000020d0| 64 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 61 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 41 |ded on a|ction. A|
|000020e0| 0d 0a 72 75 6d 6f 72 20 | 68 61 64 20 72 65 61 63 |..rumor |had reac|
|000020f0| 68 65 64 20 69 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 69 74 73 20 |hed it t|hat its |
|00002100| 65 6e 65 6d 69 65 73 20 | 77 65 72 65 20 61 72 6d |enemies |were arm|
|00002110| 69 6e 67 2e 20 4f 6e 20 | 74 68 61 74 0d 0a 70 72 |ing. On |that..pr|
|00002120| 65 74 65 78 74 2c 20 65 | 6c 65 76 65 6e 20 6e 65 |etext, e|leven ne|
|00002130| 77 73 70 61 70 65 72 73 | 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 65 |wspapers| were se|
|00002140| 69 7a 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 52 6f 6d 65 2c 20 4d 69 |ized in |Rome, Mi|
|00002150| 6c 61 6e 2c 20 54 75 72 | 69 6e 3b 0d 0a 6d 61 6e |lan, Tur|in;..man|
|00002160| 79 20 68 6f 6d 65 73 20 | 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 6d 69 |y homes |of promi|
|00002170| 6e 65 6e 74 20 4f 70 70 | 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 |nent Opp|osition |
|00002180| 6c 65 61 64 65 72 73 20 | 77 65 72 65 20 73 65 61 |leaders |were sea|
|00002190| 72 63 68 65 64 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 54 68 65 72 |rched...|.. Ther|
|000021a0| 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 | 65 64 20 73 61 76 61 67 |e follow|ed savag|
|000021b0| 65 20 61 74 74 61 63 6b | 73 20 62 79 20 43 6f 6d |e attack|s by Com|
|000021c0| 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 73 20 | 75 70 6f 6e 20 46 61 73 |munists |upon Fas|
|000021d0| 63 69 73 74 69 20 61 6c | 6c 0d 0a 6f 76 65 72 20 |cisti al|l..over |
|000021e0| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 75 6e | 74 72 79 2e 20 49 6e 20 |the coun|try. In |
|000021f0| 34 38 20 68 6f 75 72 73 | 2c 20 31 37 20 70 65 6f |48 hours|, 17 peo|
|00002200| 70 6c 65 20 77 65 72 65 | 20 68 75 72 74 2c 20 35 |ple were| hurt, 5|
|00002210| 20 6d 6f 72 74 61 6c 6c | 79 0d 0a 77 6f 75 6e 64 | mortall|y..wound|
|00002220| 65 64 2c 20 33 20 6b 69 | 6c 6c 65 64 2e 20 50 72 |ed, 3 ki|lled. Pr|
|00002230| 65 6d 69 65 72 20 4d 75 | 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 |emier Mu|ssolini |
|00002240| 61 70 70 65 61 6c 65 64 | 20 66 6f 72 20 6f 72 64 |appealed| for ord|
|00002250| 65 72 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 62 6c 61 |er..... | The bla|
|00002260| 7a 69 6e 67 20 66 69 72 | 65 73 20 6f 66 20 4d 75 |zing fir|es of Mu|
|00002270| 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 27 | 73 20 77 72 61 74 68 20 |ssolini'|s wrath |
|00002280| 77 65 72 65 20 6b 69 6e | 64 6c 65 64 2e 20 41 74 |were kin|dled. At|
|00002290| 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 72 65 | 2d 6f 70 65 6e 69 6e 67 | the..re|-opening|
|000022a0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 43 68 61 6d 62 65 72 20 | of the |Chamber |
|000022b0| 6f 66 20 44 65 70 75 74 | 69 65 73 2c 20 74 68 65 |of Deput|ies, the|
|000022c0| 20 50 72 65 6d 69 65 72 | 20 61 70 70 65 61 72 65 | Premier| appeare|
|000022d0| 64 20 61 73 0d 0a 61 20 | 6d 61 6e 20 70 6f 73 73 |d as..a |man poss|
|000022e0| 65 73 73 65 64 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 64 |essed wi|th the d|
|000022f0| 65 76 69 6c 2e 20 54 68 | 65 20 47 6f 76 65 72 6e |evil. Th|e Govern|
|00002300| 6d 65 6e 74 20 62 65 6e | 63 68 65 73 20 72 65 73 |ment ben|ches res|
|00002310| 6f 75 6e 64 65 64 0d 0a | 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 |ounded..|with the|
|00002320| 20 74 68 75 6d 70 73 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 68 69 73 | thumps |from his|
|00002330| 20 6c 61 72 67 65 2c 20 | 77 68 69 74 65 20 68 61 | large, |white ha|
|00002340| 6e 64 73 2e 20 48 69 73 | 20 68 65 61 76 79 20 66 |nds. His| heavy f|
|00002350| 61 63 65 20 77 61 73 0d | 0a 72 65 64 20 77 69 74 |ace was.|.red wit|
|00002360| 68 20 66 75 72 79 2c 20 | 68 69 73 20 65 79 65 73 |h fury, |his eyes|
|00002370| 20 66 6c 61 73 68 65 64 | 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 61 20 | flashed| like a |
|00002380| 74 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 | 20 64 61 67 67 65 72 73 |thousand| daggers|
|00002390| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 73 75 6e 6c 69 67 68 | in the.|.sunligh|
|000023a0| 74 2c 20 68 69 73 20 76 | 6f 69 63 65 20 73 6f 75 |t, his v|oice sou|
|000023b0| 6e 64 65 64 20 6c 69 6b | 65 20 74 68 65 20 62 65 |nded lik|e the be|
|000023c0| 6c 6c 6f 77 20 6f 66 20 | 61 20 62 75 6c 6c 20 61 |llow of |a bull a|
|000023d0| 73 20 68 65 0d 0a 74 75 | 72 6e 65 64 20 74 6f 77 |s he..tu|rned tow|
|000023e0| 61 72 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 20 |ard the |Fascist |
|000023f0| 64 65 70 75 74 69 65 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 72 6f 61 |deputies| and roa|
|00002400| 72 65 64 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 22 54 68 65 20 4f |red:....| "The O|
|00002410| 70 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f | 6e 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 |ppositio|n descri|
|00002420| 62 65 64 20 75 73 20 61 | 73 20 61 6e 20 61 72 6d |bed us a|s an arm|
|00002430| 79 20 6f 66 20 62 61 6e | 64 69 74 73 20 65 6e 63 |y of ban|dits enc|
|00002440| 61 6d 70 65 64 0d 0a 69 | 6e 20 49 74 61 6c 79 2e |amped..i|n Italy.|
|00002450| 20 57 65 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 73 77 61 6c 6c 6f 77 | We have| swallow|
|00002460| 65 64 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 69 6e 73 75 6c 74 73 |ed their| insults|
|00002470| 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c | 6f 77 65 64 20 74 68 65 | and all|owed the|
|00002480| 6d 20 74 6f 0d 0a 63 61 | 6c 6c 20 75 73 20 62 72 |m to..ca|ll us br|
|00002490| 69 67 61 6e 64 73 20 61 | 6e 64 20 61 73 73 61 73 |igands a|nd assas|
|000024a0| 73 69 6e 73 2e 20 4e 6f | 77 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 |sins. No|w before|
|000024b0| 20 74 68 65 20 43 68 61 | 6d 62 65 72 2c 20 62 65 | the Cha|mber, be|
|000024c0| 66 6f 72 65 0d 0a 74 68 | 65 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 20 |fore..th|e whole |
|000024d0| 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 | 6e 64 20 62 65 66 6f 72 |nation a|nd befor|
|000024e0| 65 20 47 6f 64 20 49 20 | 61 6c 6f 6e 65 20 61 73 |e God I |alone as|
|000024f0| 73 75 6d 65 20 66 75 6c | 6c 20 70 65 72 73 6f 6e |sume ful|l person|
|00002500| 61 6c 2c 0d 0a 70 6f 6c | 69 74 69 63 61 6c 2c 20 |al,..pol|itical, |
|00002510| 6d 6f 72 61 6c 20 61 6e | 64 20 68 69 73 74 6f 72 |moral an|d histor|
|00002520| 69 63 61 6c 20 72 65 73 | 70 6f 6e 73 69 62 69 6c |ical res|ponsibil|
|00002530| 69 74 79 20 66 6f 72 20 | 65 76 65 72 79 74 68 69 |ity for |everythi|
|00002540| 6e 67 0d 0a 74 68 61 74 | 20 68 61 73 20 6f 63 63 |ng..that| has occ|
|00002550| 75 72 72 65 64 20 69 6e | 20 49 74 61 6c 79 2e 20 |urred in| Italy. |
|00002560| 49 66 20 46 61 73 63 69 | 73 6d 20 69 73 20 61 6e |If Fasci|sm is an|
|00002570| 20 61 73 73 6f 63 69 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 0d | associa|tion of.|
|00002580| 0a 6d 61 6c 65 66 61 63 | 74 6f 72 73 20 74 68 65 |.malefac|tors the|
|00002590| 6e 20 6c 65 74 20 69 74 | 20 62 65 20 6b 6e 6f 77 |n let it| be know|
|000025a0| 6e 20 74 68 61 74 20 49 | 20 61 6d 20 68 65 61 64 |n that I| am head|
|000025b0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 | 0d 0a 61 73 73 6f 63 69 | of this|..associ|
|000025c0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 6d 61 6c 65 66 61 63 |ation of| malefac|
|000025d0| 74 6f 72 73 2e 22 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 54 68 65 20 |tors."..|.. The |
|000025e0| 50 72 65 6d 69 65 72 20 | 74 68 65 6e 20 72 65 6d |Premier |then rem|
|000025f0| 69 6e 64 65 64 20 74 68 | 65 20 43 68 61 6d 62 65 |inded th|e Chambe|
|00002600| 72 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 6d 75 72 64 65 |r that t|he murde|
|00002610| 72 20 6f 66 0d 0a 4d 61 | 74 74 65 6f 74 74 69 20 |r of..Ma|tteotti |
|00002620| 68 61 64 20 74 61 6b 65 | 6e 20 70 6c 61 63 65 20 |had take|n place |
|00002630| 61 66 74 65 72 20 6f 6e | 65 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 |after on|e of his|
|00002640| 20 28 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c | 69 6e 69 27 73 29 0d 0a | (Mussol|ini's)..|
|00002650| 67 72 65 61 74 65 73 74 | 20 70 61 72 6c 69 61 6d |greatest| parliam|
|00002660| 65 6e 74 61 72 79 20 76 | 69 63 74 6f 72 69 65 73 |entary v|ictories|
|00002670| 20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 68 65 20 68 61 64 | in whic|h he had|
|00002680| 20 69 6e 76 6f 6b 65 64 | 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 67 6f | invoked| the..go|
|00002690| 64 64 65 73 73 20 6f 66 | 20 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |ddess of| nationa|
|000026a0| 6c 20 63 6f 6e 63 69 6c | 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 |l concil|iation. |
|000026b0| 22 45 76 65 6e 20 6d 79 | 20 65 6e 65 6d 69 65 73 |"Even my| enemies|
|000026c0| 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 2c 22 | 20 68 65 0d 0a 63 68 61 | allow,"| he..cha|
|000026d0| 6c 6c 65 6e 67 65 64 2c | 20 22 74 68 61 74 20 49 |llenged,| "that I|
|000026e0| 20 61 6d 20 67 69 66 74 | 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 | am gift|ed with |
|000026f0| 73 6f 6d 65 20 73 6d 61 | 6c 6c 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e |some sma|ll amoun|
|00002700| 74 20 6f 66 0d 0a 69 6e | 74 65 6c 6c 69 67 65 6e |t of..in|telligen|
|00002710| 63 65 2c 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 63 6f |ce, with| much co|
|00002720| 75 72 61 67 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 73 |urage an|d with s|
|00002730| 75 70 72 65 6d 65 20 64 | 69 73 72 65 67 61 72 64 |upreme d|isregard|
|00002740| 20 66 6f 72 0d 0a 66 69 | 6c 74 68 79 20 6c 75 63 | for..fi|lthy luc|
|00002750| 72 65 2e 20 50 6c 65 61 | 73 65 20 73 70 61 72 65 |re. Plea|se spare|
|00002760| 20 6d 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 73 75 6c 74 20 6f | me the |insult o|
|00002770| 66 20 62 65 6c 69 65 76 | 69 6e 67 20 6d 65 20 73 |f believ|ing me s|
|00002780| 6f 0d 0a 73 74 75 70 69 | 64 20 61 73 20 74 6f 20 |o..stupi|d as to |
|00002790| 68 61 76 65 20 6f 72 64 | 65 72 65 64 20 74 68 61 |have ord|ered tha|
|000027a0| 74 20 63 72 69 6d 65 20 | 74 6f 20 62 65 20 63 6f |t crime |to be co|
|000027b0| 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 64 2e | 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 |mmitted.|".... "|
|000027c0| 54 68 65 20 4f 70 70 6f | 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 |The Oppo|sition b|
|000027d0| 65 6c 69 65 76 65 64 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 46 61 73 |elieved |that Fas|
|000027e0| 63 69 73 6d 20 77 61 73 | 20 64 65 61 64 20 62 65 |cism was| dead be|
|000027f0| 63 61 75 73 65 20 6f 6e | 0d 0a 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f |cause on|..some o|
|00002800| 63 63 61 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 49 20 68 61 76 65 20 |ccasions| I have |
|00002810| 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 74 | 20 6e 65 63 65 73 73 61 |found it| necessa|
|00002820| 72 79 20 74 6f 20 70 75 | 6e 69 73 68 20 69 74 2e |ry to pu|nish it.|
|00002830| 20 42 75 74 20 6c 65 74 | 0d 0a 74 68 65 6d 20 72 | But let|..them r|
|00002840| 65 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 69 66 20 |emember |that if |
|00002850| 49 20 68 61 64 20 65 6d | 70 6c 6f 79 65 64 20 69 |I had em|ployed i|
|00002860| 6e 20 65 6e 66 6c 61 6d | 69 6e 67 20 46 61 73 63 |n enflam|ing Fasc|
|00002870| 69 73 6d 20 61 0d 0a 68 | 75 6e 64 72 65 64 74 68 |ism a..h|undredth|
|00002880| 20 70 61 72 74 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e 65 | part of| the ene|
|00002890| 72 67 79 20 49 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f |rgy I ha|ve emplo|
|000028a0| 79 65 64 20 69 6e 20 72 | 65 73 74 72 61 69 6e 69 |yed in r|estraini|
|000028b0| 6e 67 20 69 74 2c 0d 0a | 74 68 65 6e 20 69 6e 64 |ng it,..|then ind|
|000028c0| 65 65 64 20 74 68 65 72 | 65 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 |eed ther|e would |
|000028d0| 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 20 6f | 6e 65 20 73 69 6e 67 6c |not be o|ne singl|
|000028e0| 65 20 65 6e 65 6d 79 20 | 6f 66 20 46 61 73 63 69 |e enemy |of Fasci|
|000028f0| 73 6d 20 66 72 6f 6d 0d | 0a 6f 6e 65 20 65 6e 64 |sm from.|.one end|
|00002900| 20 6f 66 20 49 74 61 6c | 79 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | of Ital|y to the|
|00002910| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 2e 22 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 57 69 | other."|.... Wi|
|00002920| 74 68 20 61 20 6d 61 67 | 6e 69 66 69 63 65 6e 74 |th a mag|nificent|
|00002930| 20 67 65 73 74 75 72 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 50 72 65 | gesture| the Pre|
|00002940| 6d 69 65 72 20 65 6e 64 | 65 64 20 68 69 73 20 73 |mier end|ed his s|
|00002950| 70 65 65 63 68 3a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 22 54 68 65 |peech:..|.. "The|
|00002960| 20 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 2c 20 68 6f 77 | Governm|ent, how|
|00002970| 65 76 65 72 2c 20 69 73 | 20 73 75 66 66 69 63 69 |ever, is| suffici|
|00002980| 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 73 74 | 72 6f 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 |ently st|rong to |
|00002990| 64 65 73 74 72 6f 79 0d | 0a 74 68 65 20 41 76 65 |destroy.|.the Ave|
|000029a0| 6e 74 69 6e 65 20 6f 70 | 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e |ntine op|position|
|000029b0| 20 65 6e 74 69 72 65 6c | 79 2e 20 49 20 73 6f 6c | entirel|y. I sol|
|000029c0| 65 6d 6e 6c 79 20 62 69 | 6e 64 20 6d 79 73 65 6c |emnly bi|nd mysel|
|000029d0| 66 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e | 0d 0a 34 38 20 68 6f 75 |f within|..48 hou|
|000029e0| 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 73 70 65 65 63 |rs of th|is speec|
|000029f0| 68 20 74 6f 20 63 6c 65 | 61 72 20 75 70 20 74 68 |h to cle|ar up th|
|00002a00| 65 20 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 | 63 61 6c 20 73 69 74 75 |e politi|cal situ|
|00002a10| 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 22 0d | 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5b |ation.".|..... [|
|00002a20| 49 74 20 77 61 73 20 4e | 6f 20 4d 6f 72 65 20 4d |It was N|o More M|
|00002a30| 72 2e 20 4e 69 63 65 20 | 47 75 79 3a 20 54 68 65 |r. Nice |Guy: The|
|00002a40| 20 4f 70 70 6f 73 69 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 65 73 | Opposit|ion pres|
|00002a50| 73 20 77 61 73 20 62 61 | 6e 6e 65 64 2c 0d 0a 74 |s was ba|nned,..t|
|00002a60| 68 65 20 4f 70 70 6f 73 | 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 6c 65 |he Oppos|ition le|
|00002a70| 61 64 65 72 73 20 73 65 | 71 75 65 73 74 65 72 65 |aders se|questere|
|00002a80| 64 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 72 | 65 6d 6f 74 65 20 69 73 |d on a r|emote is|
|00002a90| 6c 61 6e 64 2c 20 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 4d 61 74 74 65 |land, th|e..Matte|
|00002aa0| 6f 74 74 69 20 74 72 69 | 61 6c 20 65 6e 64 65 64 |otti tri|al ended|
|00002ab0| 2d 2d 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 31 35 20 6d |--more t|han 15 m|
|00002ac0| 6f 6e 74 68 73 20 6c 61 | 74 65 72 2d 2d 69 6e 20 |onths la|ter--in |
|00002ad0| 61 0d 0a 77 68 69 74 65 | 77 61 73 68 2e 20 4d 75 |a..white|wash. Mu|
|00002ae0| 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 | 62 65 67 61 6e 20 61 20 |ssolini |began a |
|00002af0| 73 79 73 74 65 6d 61 74 | 69 63 20 61 73 73 61 75 |systemat|ic assau|
|00002b00| 6c 74 20 6f 6e 20 49 74 | 61 6c 69 61 6e 73 27 0d |lt on It|alians'.|
|00002b10| 0a 63 69 76 69 6c 2c 20 | 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 61 |.civil, |politica|
|00002b20| 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 65 63 | 6f 6e 6f 6d 69 63 20 72 |l and ec|onomic r|
|00002b30| 69 67 68 74 73 2e 5d 0d | 0a 0d 0a 28 4f 43 54 4f |ights.].|...(OCTO|
|00002b40| 42 45 52 20 31 39 2c 20 | 31 39 32 35 29 0d 0a 0d |BER 19, |1925)...|
|00002b50| 0a 20 20 41 6e 20 61 67 | 72 65 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |. An ag|reement |
|00002b60| 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 6d 61 64 65 20 62 65 |has been| made be|
|00002b70| 74 77 65 65 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 49 74 61 6c 69 61 |tween th|e Italia|
|00002b80| 6e 20 43 6f 6e 66 65 64 | 65 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d |n Confed|eration.|
|00002b90| 0a 6f 66 20 49 6e 64 75 | 73 74 72 79 20 28 72 65 |.of Indu|stry (re|
|00002ba0| 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 69 | 6e 67 20 70 72 61 63 74 |presenti|ng pract|
|00002bb0| 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 49 74 61 6c 69 |ically a|ll Itali|
|00002bc0| 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f | 79 65 65 73 29 20 61 6e |an emplo|yees) an|
|00002bd0| 64 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 43 | 6f 6e 66 65 64 65 72 61 |d..the C|onfedera|
|00002be0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 20 |tion of |Fascist |
|00002bf0| 54 72 61 64 65 20 75 6e | 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 74 6f |Trade un|ions, to|
|00002c00| 20 74 68 65 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 20 74 68 61 74 | the eff|ect that|
|00002c10| 0d 0a 69 6e 20 61 6c 6c | 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 |..in all| employe|
|00002c20| 72 2d 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 | 65 65 20 64 69 73 70 75 |r-employ|ee dispu|
|00002c30| 74 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 74 77 6f 20 43 6f 6e 66 |tes the |two Conf|
|00002c40| 65 64 65 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 61 72 65 20 74 |ederatio|ns are t|
|00002c50| 6f 0d 0a 72 65 67 61 72 | 64 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f |o..regar|d each o|
|00002c60| 74 68 65 72 20 61 73 20 | 68 61 76 69 6e 67 20 74 |ther as |having t|
|00002c70| 68 65 20 73 6f 6c 65 20 | 72 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f |he sole |right to|
|00002c80| 20 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 | 6e 74 0d 0a 72 65 73 70 | represe|nt..resp|
|00002c90| 65 63 74 69 76 65 6c 79 | 20 61 6c 6c 20 49 74 61 |ectively| all Ita|
|00002ca0| 6c 69 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 | 6c 6f 79 65 72 73 20 61 |lian emp|loyers a|
|00002cb0| 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c 20 49 | 74 61 6c 69 61 6e 20 77 |nd all I|talian w|
|00002cc0| 6f 72 6b 69 6e 67 6d 65 | 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |orkingme|n..... |
|00002cd0| 42 79 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 61 67 72 65 65 6d 65 6e |By this |agreemen|
|00002ce0| 74 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f | 63 69 61 6c 69 73 74 73 |t the So|cialists|
|00002cf0| 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 66 6f | 72 20 33 30 20 79 65 61 |, who fo|r 30 yea|
|00002d00| 72 73 20 68 61 76 65 0d | 0a 61 73 73 75 6d 65 64 |rs have.|.assumed|
|00002d10| 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 6d | 73 65 6c 76 65 73 20 74 | to them|selves t|
|00002d20| 68 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 | 20 74 6f 20 63 68 61 6d |he right| to cham|
|00002d30| 70 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 20 64 65 66 65 6e 64 20 |pion and| defend |
|00002d40| 74 68 65 0d 0a 77 6f 72 | 6b 69 6e 67 20 63 6c 61 |the..wor|king cla|
|00002d50| 73 73 2c 20 61 72 65 20 | 72 75 6c 65 64 20 6f 75 |ss, are |ruled ou|
|00002d60| 74 20 6f 66 20 70 72 61 | 63 74 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 |t of pra|ctically|
|00002d70| 20 61 6c 6c 20 6c 61 62 | 6f 72 20 64 69 73 70 75 | all lab|or dispu|
|00002d80| 74 65 73 2e 0d 0a 54 68 | 65 20 46 61 73 63 69 73 |tes...Th|e Fascis|
|00002d90| 74 73 20 64 65 63 6c 61 | 72 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ts decla|re that |
|00002da0| 74 68 65 20 6d 65 61 73 | 75 72 65 20 77 69 6c 6c |the meas|ure will|
|00002db0| 20 70 75 74 20 61 6e 20 | 65 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 74 | put an |end to t|
|00002dc0| 68 65 0d 0a 53 6f 63 69 | 61 6c 69 73 74 73 27 20 |he..Soci|alists' |
|00002dd0| 61 74 74 65 6d 70 74 73 | 20 74 6f 20 73 74 61 72 |attempts| to star|
|00002de0| 74 20 61 20 4d 61 72 78 | 69 61 6e 20 63 6c 61 73 |t a Marx|ian clas|
|00002df0| 73 20 77 61 72 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 77 69 6c 6c 0d |s war, a|nd will.|
|00002e00| 0a 62 72 69 6e 67 20 61 | 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 |.bring a|bout the|
|00002e10| 20 72 65 61 6c 69 7a 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | realiza|tion of |
|00002e20| 74 68 65 20 46 61 73 63 | 69 73 74 20 69 64 65 61 |the Fasc|ist idea|
|00002e30| 6c 20 6f 66 20 63 6c 61 | 73 73 0d 0a 63 6f 6c 6c |l of cla|ss..coll|
|00002e40| 61 62 6f 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |aboratio|n..... |
|00002e50| 54 68 65 20 4d 75 73 73 | 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 43 61 |The Muss|olini Ca|
|00002e60| 62 69 6e 65 74 20 61 70 | 70 72 6f 76 65 64 20 61 |binet ap|proved a|
|00002e70| 20 62 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 | 6f 76 69 64 69 6e 67 20 | bill pr|oviding |
|00002e80| 74 68 61 74 0d 0a 68 65 | 6e 63 65 66 6f 72 74 68 |that..he|nceforth|
|00002e90| 20 74 68 65 20 4d 61 79 | 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 52 6f | the May|or of Ro|
|00002ea0| 6d 65 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 6d 61 79 6f 72 |me and t|he mayor|
|00002eb0| 73 20 6f 66 20 61 6c 6c | 20 49 74 61 6c 69 61 6e |s of all| Italian|
|00002ec0| 0d 0a 6d 75 6e 69 63 69 | 70 61 6c 69 74 69 65 73 |..munici|palities|
|00002ed0| 20 6f 66 20 6c 65 73 73 | 20 74 68 61 6e 20 35 2c | of less| than 5,|
|00002ee0| 30 30 30 20 69 6e 68 61 | 62 69 74 61 6e 74 73 20 |000 inha|bitants |
|00002ef0| 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 | 73 75 70 65 72 73 65 64 |will be |supersed|
|00002f00| 65 64 0d 0a 62 79 20 6f | 66 66 69 63 65 72 73 20 |ed..by o|fficers |
|00002f10| 61 70 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 |appointe|d by the|
|00002f20| 20 43 65 6e 74 72 61 6c | 20 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d | Central| Governm|
|00002f30| 65 6e 74 2e 20 54 68 65 | 20 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 |ent. The| Fascist|
|00002f40| 69 0d 0a 61 73 73 65 72 | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 |i..asser|t that t|
|00002f50| 68 69 73 20 22 72 65 66 | 6f 72 6d 22 20 69 73 20 |his "ref|orm" is |
|00002f60| 6d 61 64 65 20 6e 65 63 | 65 73 73 61 72 79 20 62 |made nec|essary b|
|00002f70| 79 20 74 68 65 20 66 61 | 63 74 20 74 68 61 74 0d |y the fa|ct that.|
|00002f80| 0a 49 74 61 6c 69 61 6e | 73 20 61 72 65 20 66 72 |.Italian|s are fr|
|00002f90| 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 | 20 73 77 61 79 65 64 20 |equently| swayed |
|00002fa0| 62 79 20 70 61 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 20 61 74 20 6c 6f |by passi|on at lo|
|00002fb0| 63 61 6c 20 65 6c 65 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 0d 0a |cal elec|tions,..|
|00002fc0| 61 6e 64 20 64 6f 20 6e | 6f 74 20 72 65 74 75 72 |and do n|ot retur|
|00002fd0| 6e 20 74 6f 20 6f 66 66 | 69 63 65 20 73 75 63 68 |n to off|ice such|
|00002fe0| 20 61 62 6c 65 20 6d 65 | 6e 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 | able me|n as the|
|00002ff0| 20 43 65 6e 74 72 61 6c | 0d 0a 47 6f 76 65 72 6e | Central|..Govern|
|00003000| 6d 65 6e 74 20 77 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 73 65 74 20 6f |ment wou|ld set o|
|00003010| 76 65 72 20 74 68 65 6d | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 |ver them|.......(|
|00003020| 4a 55 4c 59 20 31 32 2c | 20 31 39 32 36 29 0d 0a |JULY 12,| 1926)..|
|00003030| 0d 0a 20 20 22 49 20 61 | 6d 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 |.. "I a|m like t|
|00003040| 68 65 20 61 6e 69 6d 61 | 6c 73 2e 20 49 20 63 61 |he anima|ls. I ca|
|00003050| 6e 20 66 65 65 6c 20 74 | 68 65 20 66 75 74 75 72 |n feel t|he futur|
|00003060| 65 20 61 73 20 69 74 0d | 0a 61 70 70 72 6f 61 63 |e as it.|.approac|
|00003070| 68 65 73 2e 20 53 6f 6d | 65 20 69 6e 73 74 69 6e |hes. Som|e instin|
|00003080| 63 74 20 67 75 69 64 65 | 73 20 61 6e 64 20 77 61 |ct guide|s and wa|
|00003090| 72 6e 73 20 6d 65 2e 20 | 4d 79 20 62 6c 6f 6f 64 |rns me. |My blood|
|000030a0| 20 73 70 65 61 6b 73 21 | 0d 0a 49 20 6d 75 73 74 | speaks!|..I must|
|000030b0| 20 6c 69 73 74 65 6e 20 | 74 6f 20 6d 79 20 62 6c | listen |to my bl|
|000030c0| 6f 6f 64 2e 22 20 20 54 | 68 75 73 20 53 69 67 6e |ood." T|hus Sign|
|000030d0| 6f 72 20 4d 75 73 73 6f | 6c 69 6e 69 20 69 73 20 |or Musso|lini is |
|000030e0| 77 6f 6e 74 20 74 6f 0d | 0a 65 78 70 6c 61 69 6e |wont to.|.explain|
|000030f0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f | 6d 70 74 69 6e 67 73 20 | the pro|mptings |
|00003100| 6f 66 20 68 69 73 20 65 | 78 74 72 61 6f 72 64 69 |of his e|xtraordi|
|00003110| 6e 61 72 79 20 70 6f 6c | 69 74 69 63 61 6c 0d 0a |nary pol|itical..|
|00003120| 69 6e 74 75 69 74 69 6f | 6e 2d 2d 70 72 6f 6d 70 |intuitio|n--promp|
|00003130| 74 69 6e 67 73 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 68 65 20 68 |tings wh|ich he h|
|00003140| 61 73 20 65 76 65 72 20 | 74 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 |as ever |translat|
|00003150| 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | 61 63 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a |ed into |action..|
|00003160| 77 69 74 68 20 64 69 73 | 63 6f 6e 63 65 72 74 69 |with dis|concerti|
|00003170| 6e 67 20 73 70 65 65 64 | 2e 20 4c 61 73 74 20 77 |ng speed|. Last w|
|00003180| 65 65 6b 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 73 61 6e 67 75 69 |eek thes|e sangui|
|00003190| 6e 61 72 79 20 6f 6d 65 | 6e 73 20 6d 61 79 0d 0a |nary ome|ns may..|
|000031a0| 62 65 20 70 72 65 73 75 | 6d 65 64 20 74 6f 20 68 |be presu|med to h|
|000031b0| 61 76 65 20 66 69 72 65 | 64 20 68 69 73 20 62 72 |ave fire|d his br|
|000031c0| 61 69 6e 20 61 66 72 65 | 73 68 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |ain afre|sh..... |
|000031d0| 20 49 2e 20 49 74 61 6c | 69 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c | I. Ital|ian empl|
|000031e0| 6f 79 65 72 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 65 6d 70 6f 77 65 |oyers ar|e empowe|
|000031f0| 72 65 64 20 61 74 20 6f | 6e 63 65 20 61 6e 64 20 |red at o|nce and |
|00003200| 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 66 75 | 72 74 68 65 72 0d 0a 6e |until fu|rther..n|
|00003210| 6f 74 69 63 65 20 74 6f | 20 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 65 |otice to| lengthe|
|00003220| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 77 6f | 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 64 61 |n the wo|rking da|
|00003230| 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 69 72 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f |y of the|ir emplo|
|00003240| 79 65 65 73 20 62 79 20 | 6f 6e 65 0d 0a 68 6f 75 |yees by |one..hou|
|00003250| 72 2c 20 77 68 69 6c 65 | 20 70 61 79 69 6e 67 20 |r, while| paying |
|00003260| 74 68 65 6d 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 61 6d 65 20 64 61 |them the| same da|
|00003270| 69 6c 79 20 77 61 67 65 | 20 61 73 20 68 65 72 65 |ily wage| as here|
|00003280| 74 6f 66 6f 72 65 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 49 49 2e 20 |tofore..|... II. |
|00003290| 49 74 61 6c 69 61 6e 20 | 6e 65 77 73 70 61 70 65 |Italian |newspape|
|000032a0| 72 73 20 61 72 65 20 66 | 6f 72 62 69 64 64 65 6e |rs are f|orbidden|
|000032b0| 20 74 6f 20 70 72 69 6e | 74 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f | to prin|t editio|
|000032c0| 6e 73 20 6c 61 72 67 65 | 72 0d 0a 74 68 61 6e 20 |ns large|r..than |
|000032d0| 73 69 78 20 70 61 67 65 | 73 2c 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |six page|s, from |
|000032e0| 77 68 69 63 68 20 6d 75 | 73 74 20 62 65 20 73 74 |which mu|st be st|
|000032f0| 72 69 63 6b 65 6e 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 6e 65 77 73 20 |ricken a|ll news |
|00003300| 6f 66 20 63 72 69 6d 65 | 2c 0d 0a 73 70 6f 72 74 |of crime|,..sport|
|00003310| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 | 74 73 2c 20 6c 69 74 65 |, the ar|ts, lite|
|00003320| 72 61 74 75 72 65 2e 20 | 4e 65 77 73 20 6f 66 20 |rature. |News of |
|00003330| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6e 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 74 68 |other na|tions th|
|00003340| 61 6e 20 49 74 61 6c 79 | 0d 0a 6d 75 73 74 20 62 |an Italy|..must b|
|00003350| 65 20 63 75 74 20 74 6f | 20 61 20 73 6b 65 6c 65 |e cut to| a skele|
|00003360| 74 6f 6e 69 7a 65 64 20 | 72 65 73 75 6d 65 2e 0d |tonized |resume..|
|00003370| 0a 0d 0a 49 49 49 2e 20 | 41 66 74 65 72 20 4e 6f |...III. |After No|
|00003380| 76 2e 20 31 2c 20 61 6c | 6c 20 67 61 73 6f 6c 69 |v. 1, al|l gasoli|
|00003390| 6e 65 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 | 74 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f |ne impor|ted into|
|000033a0| 20 49 74 61 6c 79 20 6d | 75 73 74 20 62 65 0d 0a | Italy m|ust be..|
|000033b0| 6d 69 78 65 64 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 61 20 66 69 78 |mixed wi|th a fix|
|000033c0| 65 64 20 70 72 6f 70 6f | 72 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |ed propo|rtion of|
|000033d0| 20 49 74 61 6c 69 61 6e | 20 61 6c 63 6f 68 6f 6c | Italian| alcohol|
|000033e0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 49 56 | 2e 20 42 75 69 6c 64 65 |..... IV|. Builde|
|000033f0| 72 73 20 61 72 65 20 66 | 6f 72 62 69 64 64 65 6e |rs are f|orbidden|
|00003400| 20 74 6f 20 65 72 65 63 | 74 20 6c 75 78 75 72 69 | to erec|t luxuri|
|00003410| 6f 75 73 20 70 72 69 76 | 61 74 65 20 68 6f 75 73 |ous priv|ate hous|
|00003420| 65 73 0d 0a 6f 66 20 61 | 6e 79 20 73 6f 72 74 2c |es..of a|ny sort,|
|00003430| 20 6d 75 73 74 20 63 6f | 6e 66 69 6e 65 20 74 68 | must co|nfine th|
|00003440| 65 6d 73 65 6c 76 65 73 | 20 74 6f 20 70 75 62 6c |emselves| to publ|
|00003450| 69 63 20 62 75 69 6c 64 | 69 6e 67 73 20 61 6e 64 |ic build|ings and|
|00003460| 20 74 6f 0d 0a 64 77 65 | 6c 6c 69 6e 67 73 20 66 | to..dwe|llings f|
|00003470| 6f 72 20 77 6f 72 6b 6d | 65 6e 2c 20 74 68 65 20 |or workm|en, the |
|00003480| 6c 65 73 73 65 72 20 62 | 6f 75 72 67 65 6f 69 73 |lesser b|ourgeois|
|00003490| 69 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 56 2e 20 52 65 73 74 |ie..... | V. Rest|
|000034a0| 61 75 72 61 74 65 75 72 | 73 20 61 6e 64 20 76 69 |aurateur|s and vi|
|000034b0| 6e 74 6e 65 72 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 70 72 6f 68 69 |ntners a|re prohi|
|000034c0| 62 69 74 65 64 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 73 65 6c 6c 69 |bited fr|om selli|
|000034d0| 6e 67 0d 0a 61 6e 79 74 | 68 69 6e 67 20 61 66 74 |ng..anyt|hing aft|
|000034e0| 65 72 20 31 30 20 70 2e | 6d 2e 2c 20 66 72 6f 6d |er 10 p.|m., from|
|000034f0| 20 6f 70 65 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 66 | opening| until f|
|00003500| 75 72 74 68 65 72 20 6e | 6f 74 69 63 65 20 61 6e |urther n|otice an|
|00003510| 79 0d 0a 6e 65 77 20 70 | 72 65 6d 69 73 65 73 20 |y..new p|remises |
|00003520| 77 68 61 74 65 76 65 72 | 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |whatever| for the|
|00003530| 20 73 61 6c 65 20 6f 66 | 20 66 6f 6f 64 20 6f 72 | sale of| food or|
|00003540| 20 62 65 76 65 72 61 67 | 65 73 2e 20 41 6c 6c 0d | beverag|es. All.|
|00003550| 0a 62 72 65 61 64 20 6d | 75 73 74 20 68 65 72 65 |.bread m|ust here|
|00003560| 61 66 74 65 72 20 63 6f | 6e 74 61 69 6e 20 61 74 |after co|ntain at|
|00003570| 20 6c 65 61 73 74 20 31 | 35 25 20 6f 66 20 6e 6f | least 1|5% of no|
|00003580| 6e 2d 77 68 69 74 65 20 | 66 6c 6f 75 72 2e 0d 0a |n-white |flour...|
|00003590| 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 4e 4f 56 | 45 4d 42 45 52 20 31 35 |....(NOV|EMBER 15|
|000035a0| 2c 20 31 39 32 36 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 50 72 65 |, 1926).|... Pre|
|000035b0| 6d 69 65 72 20 4d 75 73 | 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 2c 20 |mier Mus|solini, |
|000035c0| 61 70 70 61 72 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 72 65 61 63 74 |apparent|ly react|
|000035d0| 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 65 65 6d 69 |ing to t|he seemi|
|000035e0| 6e 67 6c 79 0d 0a 62 6f | 75 6e 64 6c 65 73 73 20 |ngly..bo|undless |
|000035f0| 64 65 76 6f 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 20 |devotion| of his |
|00003600| 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 72 | 73 2c 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 |follower|s, calle|
|00003610| 64 20 68 69 73 20 63 61 | 62 69 6e 65 74 20 74 6f |d his ca|binet to|
|00003620| 67 65 74 68 65 72 0d 0a | 61 6e 64 20 69 73 73 75 |gether..|and issu|
|00003630| 65 64 20 61 20 73 65 72 | 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 64 |ed a ser|ies of d|
|00003640| 65 63 72 65 65 73 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 20 74 68 65 |ecrees w|hich the|
|00003650| 20 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 | 6c 20 46 61 73 63 69 73 | officia|l Fascis|
|00003660| 74 20 70 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 68 61 73 74 65 6e 65 |t press.|.hastene|
|00003670| 64 20 74 6f 20 64 65 70 | 6c 6f 72 65 20 61 73 20 |d to dep|lore as |
|00003680| 22 74 6f 6f 20 6d 69 6c | 64 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |"too mil|d.".... |
|00003690| 20 44 65 63 72 65 65 73 | 20 53 75 6d 6d 61 72 69 | Decrees| Summari|
|000036a0| 7a 65 64 3a 20 31 29 20 | 54 68 65 20 50 72 65 6d |zed: 1) |The Prem|
|000036b0| 69 65 72 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 61 70 70 6f 69 6e 74 |ier will| appoint|
|000036c0| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 66 61 73 63 69 | from th|e..fasci|
|000036d0| 73 74 20 6d 69 6c 69 74 | 69 61 20 74 68 65 20 70 |st milit|ia the p|
|000036e0| 65 72 73 6f 6e 6e 65 6c | 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 |ersonnel| of cour|
|000036f0| 74 73 20 6d 61 72 74 69 | 61 6c 20 77 68 69 63 68 |ts marti|al which|
|00003700| 20 77 69 6c 6c 0d 0a 68 | 65 72 65 61 66 74 65 72 | will..h|ereafter|
|00003710| 20 64 65 61 6c 20 61 63 | 63 6f 72 64 69 6e 67 20 | deal ac|cording |
|00003720| 74 6f 20 77 61 72 74 69 | 6d 65 20 6d 69 6c 69 74 |to warti|me milit|
|00003730| 61 72 79 20 6c 61 77 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 61 6c 6c |ary law |with all|
|00003740| 20 77 68 6f 0d 0a 61 72 | 65 20 63 68 61 72 67 65 | who..ar|e charge|
|00003750| 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 22 | 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 61 |d with "|politica|
|00003760| 6c 20 63 72 69 6d 65 73 | 22 3b 20 32 29 20 54 68 |l crimes|"; 2) Th|
|00003770| 65 20 64 65 61 74 68 20 | 70 65 6e 61 6c 74 79 0d |e death |penalty.|
|00003780| 0a 28 68 65 72 65 74 6f | 66 6f 72 65 20 61 62 72 |.(hereto|fore abr|
|00003790| 6f 67 61 74 65 64 29 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 |ogated) |will be |
|000037a0| 72 65 76 69 76 65 64 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 63 |revived |in the c|
|000037b0| 61 73 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 72 61 69 74 6f 72 73 2c |ase of t|raitors,|
|000037c0| 0d 0a 72 65 62 65 6c 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 70 65 72 |..rebels| and per|
|000037d0| 73 6f 6e 73 20 77 68 6f | 20 61 74 74 65 6d 70 74 |sons who| attempt|
|000037e0| 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 66 | 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | the lif|e of the|
|000037f0| 20 50 72 65 6d 69 65 72 | 2c 20 4b 69 6e 67 20 6f | Premier|, King o|
|00003800| 72 0d 0a 43 72 6f 77 6e | 20 50 72 69 6e 63 65 3b |r..Crown| Prince;|
|00003810| 20 33 29 20 46 75 72 74 | 68 65 72 20 63 75 72 74 | 3) Furt|her curt|
|00003820| 61 69 6c 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 |ailment |of the a|
|00003830| 6c 72 65 61 64 79 20 64 | 72 61 73 74 69 63 0d 0a |lready d|rastic..|
|00003840| 72 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 6e 20 |restrict|ions on |
|00003850| 49 74 61 6c 69 61 6e 20 | 65 6d 69 67 72 61 74 69 |Italian |emigrati|
|00003860| 6f 6e 20 70 61 73 73 70 | 6f 72 74 73 2c 20 77 68 |on passp|orts, wh|
|00003870| 69 63 68 20 6e 6f 77 20 | 6d 61 6b 65 20 69 74 0d |ich now |make it.|
|00003880| 0a 76 69 72 74 75 61 6c | 6c 79 20 69 6d 70 6f 73 |.virtual|ly impos|
|00003890| 73 69 62 6c 65 20 66 6f | 72 20 6f 74 68 65 72 73 |sible fo|r others|
|000038a0| 20 74 68 61 6e 20 46 61 | 73 63 69 73 74 73 20 74 | than Fa|scists t|
|000038b0| 6f 20 6c 65 61 76 65 20 | 74 68 65 0d 0a 63 6f 75 |o leave |the..cou|
|000038c0| 6e 74 72 79 3b 20 34 29 | 20 44 69 73 73 6f 6c 75 |ntry; 4)| Dissolu|
|000038d0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 61 6c 6c 20 70 61 72 74 |tion of |all part|
|000038e0| 69 65 73 20 6f 70 70 6f | 73 65 64 20 74 6f 20 46 |ies oppo|sed to F|
|000038f0| 61 73 63 69 73 6d 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 0d 0a 73 75 73 |ascism, |and..sus|
|00003900| 70 65 6e 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 61 6c 6c 20 6f |pension |of all o|
|00003910| 70 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6e 65 77 73 70 61 |ppositio|n newspa|
|00003920| 70 65 72 73 3b 20 35 29 | 20 43 72 65 61 74 69 6f |pers; 5)| Creatio|
|00003930| 6e 20 6f 66 20 61 0d 0a | 73 70 65 63 69 61 6c 20 |n of a..|special |
|00003940| 46 61 73 63 69 73 74 20 | 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 61 |Fascist |politica|
|00003950| 6c 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 65 | 2c 20 76 69 72 74 75 61 |l police|, virtua|
|00003960| 6c 6c 79 20 61 20 54 73 | 61 72 6f 6c 20 22 43 68 |lly a Ts|arol "Ch|
|00003970| 65 6b 61 2e 22 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 50 72 65 6d 69 |eka."...|. Premi|
|00003980| 65 72 20 42 65 6e 69 74 | 6f 20 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c |er Benit|o Mussol|
|00003990| 69 6e 69 20 74 6f 6f 6b | 20 6f 76 65 72 20 6f 6e |ini took| over on|
|000039a0| 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 63 | 61 62 69 6e 65 74 20 70 |e more c|abinet p|
|000039b0| 6f 73 74 20 28 68 69 73 | 0d 0a 73 65 76 65 6e 74 |ost (his|..sevent|
|000039c0| 68 29 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 4d 69 6e 69 73 74 72 79 |h), the |Ministry|
|000039d0| 20 6f 66 20 49 6e 74 65 | 72 69 6f 72 2c 20 6c 61 | of Inte|rior, la|
|000039e0| 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b 2c | 20 69 6e 20 6f 72 64 65 |st week,| in orde|
|000039f0| 72 20 74 68 61 74 20 68 | 65 0d 0a 6d 69 67 68 74 |r that h|e..might|
|00003a00| 20 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e 74 | persona|lly cont|
|00003a10| 72 6f 6c 20 74 68 65 20 | 6e 65 77 20 63 61 6d 70 |rol the |new camp|
|00003a20| 61 69 67 6e 20 61 67 61 | 69 6e 73 74 20 68 69 73 |aign aga|inst his|
|00003a30| 0d 0a 61 64 76 65 72 73 | 61 72 69 65 73 2c 20 61 |..advers|aries, a|
|00003a40| 20 6d 61 6a 6f 72 20 70 | 61 72 74 20 6f 66 20 77 | major p|art of w|
|00003a50| 68 69 63 68 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 66 61 6c 6c 20 77 |hich wil|l fall w|
|00003a60| 69 74 68 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 63 6f 70 65 0d |ithin th|e scope.|
|00003a70| 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 64 65 70 61 72 74 6d |.of this| departm|
|00003a80| 65 6e 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 28 4d 41 59 20 32 |ent.....|..(MAY 2|
|00003a90| 2c 20 31 39 32 37 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 57 68 61 |, 1927).|... Wha|
|00003aa0| 74 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 73 73 65 6e 74 69 |t is the| essenti|
|00003ab0| 61 6c 20 64 6f 63 74 72 | 69 6e 65 20 6f 66 20 46 |al doctr|ine of F|
|00003ac0| 61 73 63 69 73 6d 6f 3f | 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 64 |ascismo?| It is d|
|00003ad0| 69 72 65 63 74 2c 0d 0a | 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |irect,..|construc|
|00003ae0| 74 69 76 65 2c 20 63 6f | 6e 74 69 6e 75 6f 75 73 |tive, co|ntinuous|
|00003af0| 20 61 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 50 | action |by the P|
|00003b00| 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 75 6e | 64 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 |eople un|der the |
|00003b10| 67 75 69 64 61 6e 63 65 | 0d 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |guidance|..of the|
|00003b20| 20 53 74 61 74 65 2e 20 | 54 68 69 73 20 67 6f 73 | State. |This gos|
|00003b30| 70 65 6c 20 6f 66 20 61 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 64 |pel of a|ction, d|
|00003b40| 79 6e 61 6d 69 63 2c 20 | 70 72 6f 70 75 6c 73 69 |ynamic, |propulsi|
|00003b50| 76 65 2c 20 77 61 73 0d | 0a 65 78 70 6f 75 6e 64 |ve, was.|.expound|
|00003b60| 65 64 20 6c 61 73 74 20 | 77 65 65 6b 20 62 79 20 |ed last |week by |
|00003b70| 53 69 67 6e 6f 72 20 42 | 65 6e 69 74 6f 20 4d 75 |Signor B|enito Mu|
|00003b80| 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 | 69 6e 20 61 20 67 72 65 |ssolini |in a gre|
|00003b90| 61 74 0d 0a 64 6f 63 75 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 64 65 73 |at..docu|ment des|
|00003ba0| 69 67 6e 65 64 20 61 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 6f |igned as| the gro|
|00003bb0| 75 6e 64 20 70 6c 61 6e | 20 6f 6e 20 77 68 69 63 |und plan| on whic|
|00003bc0| 68 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 | 77 20 73 6f 63 69 61 6c |h the ne|w social|
|00003bd0| 0d 0a 6f 72 64 65 72 20 | 6d 75 73 74 20 61 72 69 |..order |must ari|
|00003be0| 73 65 2e 20 46 61 73 63 | 69 73 74 73 20 68 61 69 |se. Fasc|ists hai|
|00003bf0| 6c 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 63 6c 61 6d 61 |led the |proclama|
|00003c00| 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 73 20 | 74 68 65 69 72 0d 0a 43 |tion as |their..C|
|00003c10| 68 61 72 74 65 72 20 6f | 66 20 4c 61 62 6f 72 2c |harter o|f Labor,|
|00003c20| 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 66 69 72 73 74 20 6d 61 | as the |first ma|
|00003c30| 67 6e 61 20 63 68 61 72 | 74 61 20 67 75 61 72 61 |gna char|ta guara|
|00003c40| 6e 74 65 65 69 6e 67 20 | 74 6f 20 61 0d 0a 70 65 |nteeing |to a..pe|
|00003c50| 6f 70 6c 65 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 72 69 67 68 74 73 20 |ople not| rights |
|00003c60| 62 75 74 20 64 75 74 69 | 65 73 2e 2e 2e 0d 0a 0d |but duti|es......|
|00003c70| 0a 20 20 53 75 62 73 74 | 69 74 75 74 65 20 22 77 |. Subst|itute "w|
|00003c80| 6f 72 6b 22 20 66 6f 72 | 20 22 64 75 74 69 65 73 |ork" for| "duties|
|00003c90| 22 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 | 65 20 6d 65 61 6e 69 6e |" and th|e meanin|
|00003ca0| 67 20 67 72 61 64 75 61 | 6c 6c 79 0d 0a 75 6e 66 |g gradua|lly..unf|
|00003cb0| 6f 6c 64 73 2e 20 4d 61 | 6e 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e |olds. Ma|n does n|
|00003cc0| 6f 74 20 77 61 6e 74 20 | 74 6f 20 6c 61 62 6f 72 |ot want |to labor|
|00003cd0| 3b 20 62 75 74 2c 20 73 | 69 6e 63 65 20 68 65 20 |; but, s|ince he |
|00003ce0| 6d 75 73 74 2c 20 69 74 | 20 69 73 0d 0a 61 20 6b |must, it| is..a k|
|00003cf0| 69 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 62 | 6f 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 67 |ind of b|oon to g|
|00003d00| 75 61 72 61 6e 74 65 65 | 20 68 69 6d 20 74 68 65 |uarantee| him the|
|00003d10| 20 63 65 72 74 61 69 6e | 74 79 20 6f 66 20 77 6f | certain|ty of wo|
|00003d20| 72 6b 20 74 6f 20 64 6f | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 |rk to do|..... "|
|00003d30| 57 65 20 6d 75 73 74 20 | 61 62 61 6e 64 6f 6e 20 |We must |abandon |
|00003d40| 74 68 65 20 67 72 65 61 | 74 20 70 68 72 61 73 65 |the grea|t phrase|
|00003d50| 20 6f 66 20 4c 69 62 65 | 72 74 79 2c 22 20 73 61 | of Libe|rty," sa|
|00003d60| 69 64 20 44 69 63 74 61 | 74 6f 72 0d 0a 4d 75 73 |id Dicta|tor..Mus|
|00003d70| 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 79 | 65 61 72 73 20 61 67 6f |solini y|ears ago|
|00003d80| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 61 64 | 64 65 64 2c 20 22 46 61 |, and ad|ded, "Fa|
|00003d90| 73 63 69 73 6d 6f 20 68 | 61 73 20 61 6c 72 65 61 |scismo h|as alrea|
|00003da0| 64 79 20 73 74 65 70 70 | 65 64 2c 0d 0a 61 6e 64 |dy stepp|ed,..and|
|00003db0| 2c 20 69 66 20 6e 65 65 | 64 20 62 65 2c 20 77 69 |, if nee|d be, wi|
|00003dc0| 6c 6c 20 71 75 69 63 6b | 6c 79 20 74 75 72 6e 20 |ll quick|ly turn |
|00003dd0| 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 | 6f 20 73 74 65 70 20 6f |around t|o step o|
|00003de0| 6e 63 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 6f 76 65 72 0d 0a 74 |nce more| over..t|
|00003df0| 68 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 | 6f 72 20 6c 65 73 73 20 |he more |or less |
|00003e00| 70 75 74 72 69 64 20 62 | 6f 64 79 20 6f 66 20 74 |putrid b|ody of t|
|00003e10| 68 65 20 47 6f 64 64 65 | 73 73 20 4c 69 62 65 72 |he Godde|ss Liber|
|00003e20| 74 79 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 49 6e 20 61 20 77 |ty."....| In a w|
|00003e30| 6f 72 64 2c 20 61 6c 6c | 20 62 61 72 67 61 69 6e |ord, all| bargain|
|00003e40| 69 6e 67 20 62 65 74 77 | 65 65 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c |ing betw|een empl|
|00003e50| 6f 79 65 72 20 61 6e 64 | 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 |oyer and| employe|
|00003e60| 64 20 77 69 6c 6c 0d 0a | 62 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 |d will..|be colle|
|00003e70| 63 74 69 76 65 20 62 79 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 6c 73 |ctive by| compuls|
|00003e80| 69 6f 6e 2c 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 |ion, wit|h the pe|
|00003e90| 6f 70 6c 65 20 28 72 65 | 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 65 |ople (re|presente|
|00003ea0| 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 53 74 61 74 65 29 |d by the|..State)|
|00003eb0| 20 61 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 75 6c 73 6f 72 79 20 61 | as comp|ulsory a|
|00003ec0| 72 62 69 74 65 72 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5b |rbiter..|..... [|
|00003ed0| 4c 6f 6f 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 62 61 63 6b 20 66 72 6f |Looking |back fro|
|00003ee0| 6d 20 74 68 65 20 31 39 | 38 30 73 20 61 74 20 49 |m the 19|80s at I|
|00003ef0| 74 61 6c 69 61 6e 20 46 | 61 73 63 69 73 6d 2c 20 |talian F|ascism, |
|00003f00| 69 74 20 69 73 20 65 61 | 73 79 0d 0a 74 6f 20 75 |it is ea|sy..to u|
|00003f10| 6e 64 65 72 2d 65 73 74 | 69 6d 61 74 65 20 4d 75 |nder-est|imate Mu|
|00003f20| 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e 69 20 | 61 6e 64 20 72 65 6d 65 |ssolini |and reme|
|00003f30| 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 6e 6c | 79 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 |mber onl|y the gr|
|00003f40| 6f 74 65 73 71 75 65 0d | 0a 63 61 72 69 63 61 74 |otesque.|.caricat|
|00003f50| 75 72 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 20 57 6f 72 6c |ure of t|he Worl|
|00003f60| 64 20 57 61 72 20 49 49 | 20 79 65 61 72 73 2e 20 |d War II| years. |
|00003f70| 42 75 74 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 31 39 32 30 73 |But in t|he 1920s|
|00003f80| 20 68 65 20 77 61 73 0d | 0a 61 20 66 6f 72 6d 69 | he was.|.a formi|
|00003f90| 64 61 62 6c 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 69 64 65 6c 79 |dable an|d widely|
|00003fa0| 20 66 65 61 72 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 63 65 20 69 6e | feared |force in|
|00003fb0| 20 45 75 72 6f 70 65 61 | 6e 20 61 66 66 61 69 72 | Europea|n affair|
|00003fc0| 73 2c 0d 0a 64 65 73 70 | 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 |s,..desp|ite the |
|00003fd0| 66 61 63 74 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 68 69 73 20 62 72 |fact tha|t his br|
|00003fe0| 61 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 4e | 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 |and of N|ational |
|00003ff0| 53 6f 63 69 61 6c 69 73 | 6d 20 73 65 65 6d 65 64 |Socialis|m seemed|
|00004000| 20 74 6f 0d 0a 62 65 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 64 | to..be |composed|
|00004010| 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 6f 66 | 20 72 68 65 74 6f 72 69 | more of| rhetori|
|00004020| 63 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 | 61 6c 2d 70 6f 6c 69 74 |c and re|al-polit|
|00004030| 69 6b 20 74 68 61 6e 20 | 69 64 65 6f 6c 6f 67 79 |ik than |ideology|
|00004040| 3b 20 68 65 0d 0a 77 61 | 73 20 61 64 6d 69 72 65 |; he..wa|s admire|
|00004050| 64 20 62 79 20 6d 61 6e | 79 20 66 6f 72 20 68 61 |d by man|y for ha|
|00004060| 76 69 6e 67 20 6d 6f 62 | 69 6c 69 7a 65 64 20 74 |ving mob|ilized t|
|00004070| 68 65 20 65 6e 65 72 67 | 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |he energ|ies of t|
|00004080| 68 65 0d 0a 6f 6e 63 65 | 20 6c 61 63 6b 61 64 61 |he..once| lackada|
|00004090| 69 73 69 63 61 6c 20 49 | 74 61 6c 69 61 6e 73 20 |isical I|talians |
|000040a0| 61 6e 64 20 22 68 61 76 | 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 64 65 |and "hav|ing made|
|000040b0| 20 74 68 65 20 74 72 61 | 69 6e 73 20 72 75 6e 20 | the tra|ins run |
|000040c0| 6f 6e 0d 0a 74 69 6d 65 | 2e 22 5d 1a 0d 0a 0d 0a |on..time|."].....|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+